(西安科技大學(xué) 化學(xué)與化工學(xué)院，西安 710054)
摘 要: 菱鎂礦是我國(guó)優(yōu)勢(shì)礦產(chǎn)資源，常與白云石、方解石、綠泥石、滑石和石英等脈石礦物緊密伴生。礦物晶體結(jié)構(gòu)、表面性質(zhì)和溶液化學(xué)特性決定了菱鎂礦浮選分離難度，同時(shí)，礦物分選效率還與浮選藥劑性能密切相關(guān)。本文綜述了菱鎂礦及其共伴生脈石礦物晶體各向異性與表面性質(zhì)，總結(jié)歸納了高效浮選藥劑的設(shè)計(jì)合成、篩選、組合用藥和構(gòu)效關(guān)系，以及溶液化學(xué)因素(如難免金屬離子和礦物交互作用)對(duì)礦物表面性質(zhì)和浮選藥劑吸附的影響、表面粗糙度與礦物浮選行為的關(guān)系。基于此，初步明確了菱鎂礦浮選化學(xué)研究現(xiàn)狀以及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，為菱鎂礦高效分選提供理論依據(jù)與參考。
關(guān)鍵字: 菱鎂礦；浮選化學(xué)；表面性質(zhì)；晶體化學(xué)；溶液化學(xué)；浮選藥劑
（College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China）
Abstract:Magnesite is a dominant mineral resource in China. It is often closely associated with gangue minerals such as dolomite, calcite, chlorite, talc, and quartz. The difficulty of flotation separation of magnesite is mainly determined by the crystal structure, surface properties and solution chemical properties. Meanwhile, the efficiency of magnesite separation is also closely related to the performance of flotation reagents. The crystal anisotropy and surface properties of magnesite and its associated gangue minerals were summarized in this paper. The design, synthesis, screening, combination and structure-activity relationship of high-efficiency flotation reagents were reviewed. In addition, the influence of solution chemical factors (such as unavoidable metal ions and minerals interactions) on mineral surface properties and adsorption of flotation reagents, as well as the relationship between surface roughness and mineral flotation were also reviewed. Based on the above mentioned, the research status and development prospect of magnesite flotation chemistry were preliminary cleared, which would provide a theoretical basis and reference for efficient flotation separation of magnesite.
Key words: magnesite; flotation chemistry; surface property; crystal chemistry; solution chemistry; flotation reagents
