(1. 國(guó)網(wǎng)安徽省電力有限公司 電力科學(xué)研究院，合肥 230601；
2. 合肥工業(yè)大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，合肥 230009；
3. 高性能銅合金材料及成形加工教育部工程研究中心，合肥 230009)
摘 要: 采用電解滲氫與低周疲勞結(jié)合的方法，模擬研究Ⅲ型儲(chǔ)氫瓶?jī)?nèi)膽用6061-T6Al合金在高壓氫氣環(huán)境與快速充放氫氣過(guò)程中力學(xué)性能的變化規(guī)律，為儲(chǔ)氫氣瓶長(zhǎng)期服役安全可靠性評(píng)價(jià)提供數(shù)據(jù)支持。結(jié)果表明：在電解滲氫過(guò)程中，部分H原子吸附在Al合金表面及表面氧化層中，部分H原子溶入Al合金晶格或晶界處，導(dǎo)致6061Al合金強(qiáng)度及塑性降低，且對(duì)合金塑性的影響更加明顯。低周疲勞導(dǎo)致6061Al合金屈服強(qiáng)度、拉伸強(qiáng)度與屈強(qiáng)比上升，塑性下降，且隨著σmax的增大，拉伸斷面上呈現(xiàn)更多的脆性斷裂特征。在低周疲勞與電解滲氫共同作用下，6061Al合金強(qiáng)度小幅增大，塑性持續(xù)降低，且隨著σmax的增加，塑性下降幅度增加，拉伸斷面準(zhǔn)解理斷裂特征愈加顯著，服役可靠性明顯降低。
關(guān)鍵字: 儲(chǔ)氫氣瓶；6061Al合金；電解滲氫；低周疲勞；拉伸試驗(yàn)
（1. Electric Power Research Institute, Anhui Electric Power Co., Ltd., State Grid, Hefei 230601, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
3. Engineering Research Center of High-performance Copper Alloy Materials and Processing, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230009, China）
Abstract:The method combined with electrolytic hydrogenation and low-cycle fatigue was employed to simulatively study the change of mechanical properties of the 6061-T6 Al alloy, which was used as the liner of type III hydrogen storage cylinder in high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere and in the process of rapid charge/discharge hydrogen. It would provide data support for evaluating the long-term service safety and the reliability of the hydrogen storage cylinder. The results show that during electrolytic hydrogenation, some of the H atoms are adsorbed on the surface and surface oxide layer of the Al alloy, and others are dissolved into the lattices and grain boundaries of the Al alloy. It results in the reduction of strength and plasticity of the 6061Al alloy. Further, the effect of electrolytic hydrogenation on the plasticity of the Al alloy is more obvious. Low-cycle fatigue brings about the increases of yield strength, tensile strength and ratio yield-to-tensile strength, but the decrease of plasticity of the Al alloy. As increasing σmax, more brittle fracture on the tensile fracture surface of the Al alloy samples is presented. On combination of electrolytic hydrogenation and low-cycle fatigue, the strength of the 6061Al alloy increases slightly, however, the plasticity of the alloy decreases persistently. As increasing σmax, the reduction of plasticity of the 6061Al alloy speeds, and the quasi-cleavage fracture characteristic of tensile fracture surface of the Al alloy samples is more prominent, which cause the apparent decrease of service reliability of the 6061Al alloy.
Key words: hydrogen storage cylinder; 6061Al alloy; electrolytic hydrogenation; low-cycle fatigue; tensile test
