(1. 西安建筑科技大學 材料科學與工程學院，西安 710055；
2. 西安建筑科技大學 陜西省納米材料與技術(shù)重點實驗室，西安 710055；
3. 西北師范大學 化學化工學院，蘭州 730070)
摘 要: 超疏水金屬表面因其機械穩(wěn)定性差在工業(yè)應用中易受到限制。為此，本文提出了一種新的方法以改善超疏水表面在外力作用下的機械穩(wěn)定性。采用化學刻蝕結(jié)合陽極氧化法制備了具有階梯-納米線-納米孔三元分級結(jié)構(gòu)的鋁合金，利用自制的電噴涂裝置將多巴胺和NaIO4水溶液同時噴涂在分級鋁表面，成功地沉積了聚多巴胺。再通過Schiff堿和Michael加成反應，將低表面能物質(zhì)十八胺接枝到改性后的鋁表面，得到超疏水鋁。通過FTIR和XPS分析超疏水鋁表面的化學成分。機械穩(wěn)定性測試結(jié)果表明，即使在經(jīng)受700 cm的砂紙磨損或500 g的噴砂沖擊后，樣品表面仍表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的疏水性。在超聲處理60 min后，與未添加聚多巴胺的表面相比，本文所制備的超疏水鋁黏附性顯著提高。這表明聚多巴胺作為鋁基底與低表面能物質(zhì)之間的過渡層，以類似雙面膠的作用，可大幅提升超疏水表面的機械穩(wěn)定性。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁合金；超疏水；聚多巴胺；機械穩(wěn)定性
（1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China;
2. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Nano Materials and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China;
3. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China）
Abstract:The application of superhydrophobic metallic surface in industry is usually limited due to its poor mechanical stability. Herein, a new method was proposed to improve its mechanical stability evaluated by a series of external force. Al alloy with hierarchical structure was fabricated by chemical etching and anodization method in sequence at initial, which owned step-nanowire-nanopore ternary structure. And then, dopamine and NaIO4 aqueous were sprayed on the hierarchical Al surface simultaneously by a self-made electric spraying equipment and polydopamine was obtained successfully. After grafting low surface energy substance, octadecylamine, on the above modified Al surface by Schiff base or Michael addition reaction, super-hydrophobic Al was obtained according to FTIR and XPS analysis. In order to investigate its mechanical stability, a series of tests were operated and the results show that the super-hydrophobic Al surface retains excellent super-hydrophobicity even after friction for 700 cm with 360 mesh sandpaper or suffering from 500 g of sandblast impact. The results of ultrasound treatment for 60 min indicate that as-prepared super-hydrophobic Al possessed significantly enhances adhesion performance compared with that without polydopamine. All these results illustrate that the introduction of polydopamine as double-sided adhesive between Al substrate and low surface energy substance can obviously improve the mechanical stability of super-hydrophobic Al surface.
Key words: aluminum; superhydrophobic; polydopamine; mechanical stability
