(1. 太原理工大學(xué) 化學(xué)化工學(xué)院，太原 030024；
2. 太原理工大學(xué) 山西省民用潔凈燃料工程研究中心，太原 030024；
3. 太原理工大學(xué) 煤科學(xué)與技術(shù)教育部和山西省重點實驗室，太原 030024)
摘 要: 以紅土鎳礦為研究對象，重點考察添加Na2CO3對紅土鎳礦的H2還原影響規(guī)律。對還原焙燒礦物采用X射線衍射(XRD)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)和熱重-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用(TG-MS)等技術(shù)進行表征。結(jié)果表明：在還原溫度為1000 ℃，還原時間為90 min，H2濃度為45%(體積分?jǐn)?shù))，Na2CO3的添加量為15%(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))時，可得鎳品位為3.02%、鎳回收率96.75%的精礦。Na2CO3對紅土鎳礦的修飾作用機理的本質(zhì)為，Na2CO3中的Na+通過與紅土鎳礦中的Mg-Si-O以及Ni-Mg-O體系發(fā)生反應(yīng)，取代全部Ni2+以及部分Mg2+，從而破壞硅鎳酸鹽及硅鎂酸鹽的結(jié)構(gòu)，進而使賦存于硅酸鹽類中的鎳元素被釋放出來，有利于后續(xù)鎳的富集提取。
關(guān)鍵字: 紅土鎳礦；Na2CO3；H2；還原焙燒；機理
（1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;
2. Shanxi Engineering Center of Civil Clean Fuel, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China）
Abstract:This article takes laterite nickel ore as the research object, and focuses on the influence of Na2CO3 on the H2 reduction of laterite nickel ore. The reduced roasted minerals were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric mass spectrometry (TG-MS). The results show that, when the reduction temperature is 1000 ℃, the reduction time is 90 min, the H2 concentration is 45% (volume fraction), and the addition amount of Na2CO3 is 15% (mass fraction), the available nickel grade is 3.02%, and the nickel recovery rate is 96.75%. The essence of the modification mechanism of Na2CO3 on laterite nickel ore is that the ion Na+ in Na2CO3 reacts with the Mg-Si-O and Ni-Mg-O system in laterite nickel ore to replace all of Ni2+ and part of Mg2+, which destroys the structure of nickel silicate and magnesium silicate, and then releases the nickel element that occurs in the silicate, which is conductive to subsequent enrichment and extraction.
Key words: laterite nickel ore; Na2CO3; H2; reduction roasting; mechanism
