(1. 北京科技大學 土木與資源工程學院，北京 100083；
2. 北京科技大學 金屬礦山高效開采與安全教育部重點實驗室，北京 100083)
摘 要: 為提高非膠結細粒級尾砂膏體的流動性能，探究不同減水劑對細粒級尾砂膏體料漿流動性的影響，以及絮凝劑對減水劑作用的影響，采用流變儀進行了不同類型、不同用量下減水劑對料漿靜態(tài)屈服應力的影響實驗，通過對比實驗和理論分析，解釋減水劑的影響機理。結果表明：絮凝劑在常規(guī)用量下對尾砂料漿的流動性和減水劑作用效果均具有抑制作用；無機鹽類和木質素類減水劑均可顯著減小料漿靜態(tài)屈服應力，同等用量下三聚磷酸鈉改善流動性的效果最好；聚羧酸系減水劑在一定用量范圍內將增大料漿靜態(tài)屈服應力，隨著用量進一步增加，減水劑將減小料漿靜態(tài)屈服應力從而改善流動性。最后從聚羧酸分子特性出發(fā)，分析不同用量下其改善與降低細粒級尾砂膏體流動性的作用機理。
關鍵字: 膏體充填；減水劑；靜態(tài)屈服應力；聚丙烯酰胺；絮凝
（1. School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:To improve the fluidity of fine-grained tailings paste without cementing agent, the effects of different plasticizers on the fluidity of fine-grained tailings paste were explored, the effect of flocculant on the performance of plasticizer was investigated. Experiments for the effects of different types and amounts of plasticizers on the static yield stress of the slurry were carried out, and the effect mechanism was explained through the results of comparative experiments and theoretical analysis. The results show that the flocculant has a negative effect on the fluidity of the tailings slurry and the performance of plasticizer under the conventional dosage. Both inorganic salt plasticizers and lignin plasticizers can significantly reduce the static yield stress of the slurry. Sodium tripolyphosphate has the best effect on improving fluidity under the same dosage. The polycarboxylic acid plasticizer will increase the static yield stress of the slurry within a certain range of dosage, and will reduce the static yield stress and improve fluidity of the slurry with further increase in the dosage. Finally, starting from the molecular characteristics of polycarboxylic acid, the mechanism of improving and reducing the fluidity of fine-grained tailings paste under different dosages of polycarboxylic acid was analyzed.
Key words: paste backfill; plasticizer; static yield stress; polyacrylamide; flocculation
