(1. 北京科技大學(xué) 金屬礦山高效開采與安全教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100083；
2. 北京科技大學(xué) 土木與資源工程學(xué)院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 為揭示不均勻塊度分布條件下的崩落礦巖運(yùn)移演化機(jī)理，開展礦巖散體流動(dòng)特性物理與數(shù)值試驗(yàn)研究。從放出體形態(tài)變化規(guī)律和礦巖散體空隙率、平均配位數(shù)及其概率分布等方面對不同塊度級(jí)配和堆積體系下的崩落礦巖流動(dòng)特性進(jìn)行了量化研究。結(jié)果表明：在所研究的不同散體塊度級(jí)配取值范圍內(nèi)，散體平均粒徑越大，則放出體最大寬度越大；礦巖散體堆積體系的空隙率隨高度的增大而增大，顆粒平均配位數(shù)均隨高度的增大而減小。顆粒平均配位數(shù)的概率分布符合高斯分布，峰值范圍內(nèi)的顆粒平均配位數(shù)約為7~11；隨著散體堆積狀態(tài)由自然堆積向密實(shí)堆積轉(zhuǎn)變，散體堆積體系結(jié)構(gòu)的各向異性程度變大，放礦所得放出體形態(tài)由倒置水滴形轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檎盟涡危懦鲶w最大寬度變小。研究結(jié)果可為建立基于礦巖顆粒體系結(jié)構(gòu)特征的統(tǒng)一放出體形態(tài)表征模型提供有力支撐。
關(guān)鍵字: 放礦；不均勻塊度；堆積方式；崩落礦巖；流動(dòng)特性；剛性塊體模型
（1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:In order to reveal the migration and evolution mechanism of caved ore and rock under the condition of inhomogeneous particle size distribution, a series of physical and numerical draw experiments were carried out to study the flow characteristics of caved ore and rock. The flow characteristics of caved ore and rock were quantitatively studied under different particle size distributions and particle packing systems from the aspects of the IEZ’s shape change law, void ratio, the average coordination number and its probability distribution of caved ore and rock. The main research results prove that, in the range of different particle size distribution values studied, the larger the average particle size is, the larger the IEZ’s maximal width is. The void ratio of packing system of caved ore and rock increases with the increase of spatial height, while the average coordination number of particles decreases with the increase of spatial height. The probability distribution of the particle average coordination number conforms to the Gaussian distribution, and the average coordination number of particles in the peak range is about 7-11. With the change of packing state from natural packing to dense packing, the anisotropy degree of the packing system of caved ore and rock becomes greater, the IEZ’s shape changes from the upside down drop shape to the normal drop shape, and the IEZ’s maximal width is smaller, which can provide a strong support for the establishment of a unified IEZ characterization model based on the structural characteristics of particle system of caved ore and rock.
Key words: draw; inhomogeneous particle size; packing pattern; caved ore and rock; flow characteristics; rigid block model
