(南昌航空大學 航空制造工程學院，南昌 330063)
摘 要: 針對三維角聯(lián)鎖機織纖維增強鋁基復合材料，通過細觀力學數(shù)值模擬與實驗結合的方法，研究制備降溫熱收縮變形行為、殘余應力分布及其對組元材料的影響。結果表明：復合材料宏觀熱收縮應變的計算曲線與實驗曲線吻合較好，制備完成后基體合金主要處于殘余拉應力狀態(tài)，最大殘余拉應力(266.6 MPa)出現(xiàn)在紗線附近的基體合金區(qū)域內(nèi)，而經(jīng)紗和緯紗均處于殘余壓應力狀態(tài)，且最大殘余壓應力主要出現(xiàn)在經(jīng)紗部分；不均勻分布的殘余應力使得紗線周圍的基體合金和界面區(qū)域出現(xiàn)不同程度的損傷，經(jīng)紗與緯紗搭接區(qū)域的基體合金損傷程度較大并出現(xiàn)局部的界面失效現(xiàn)象；增大緯紗的層間距或減小經(jīng)紗的層間距，有助于降低復合材料內(nèi)部殘余拉應力和壓應力水平。
關鍵字: 三維角聯(lián)鎖；鋁基復合材料；熱收縮行為；殘余應力；細觀力學
（School of Aeronautical Manufacturing Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China）
Abstract:In this paper, the thermal shrinkage deformation behavior, residual stress distribution and its effect on component materials of 3D angle interlocking woven fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites were studied by using mesomechanics numerical simulation and experiments. The results show that the calculated macroscopic thermal shrinkage strain curve agrees well with the experimental curve. The matrix alloy in the as-prepared composites mainly is in residual tensile stress state, and the maximum residual tensile stress (266.6 MPa) occurs in the matrix alloy nearby yarns. Both the warp yarns and the weft yarns are in residual compressive stress state, and the maximum residual compressive stress mainly appears on the warp yarns. The inhomogeneous thermal residual stress results in the nonuniform damage state of matrix alloy and interface. The damage of matrix alloy between the warp and weft yarns is more serious than other area, which results in a local interface failure. The increase of weft interlayer spacing or decrease of warp interlayer spacing could be expected to reduce the maximum residual stress in the as-prepared composites.
Key words: 3D angle interlocking; aluminum matrix composites; thermal shrinkage behavior; residual stress; mesomechanics
