(中國科學院寧波材料技術(shù)與工程研究所 碳纖維制備技術(shù)國家工程實驗室，寧波 315201)
摘 要: 采用電化學鍍鎳方法對PAN基高模量碳纖維表面進行處理，使用SEM、SPM、XPS研究了處理前后纖維表面結(jié)構(gòu)演變規(guī)律，并分析了鍍鎳處理對纖維力學性能的影響。結(jié)果顯示，鍍鎳處理前進行HNO3處理可使纖維表面初始溝槽結(jié)構(gòu)變得均勻，并有助于纖維表面鍍鎳；與HNO3處理纖維相比，經(jīng)過3 min、6 min電化學鍍鎳處理后，碳纖維直徑分別提高了5.4%、26.2%，且處理后纖維表面出現(xiàn)明顯金屬鎳顆粒；通過對鍍鎳纖維表面化學結(jié)構(gòu)分析，表面鎳元素主要以Ni(OH)2、NiO和金屬Ni顆粒形式存在；隨著鎳層厚度增加，纖維表面缺陷得以改善，因而鍍鎳高模量碳纖維的力學性能相比HNO3處理的樣品出現(xiàn)一定幅度的提升。
關(guān)鍵字: 高模量碳纖維；電化學鍍鎳；直徑；化學結(jié)構(gòu)
（National Engineering Laboratory for Carbon Fiber Preparation, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China）
Abstract:Electrochemical nickel plating was conducted on the surfaces of PAN-based high modulus carbon fibers. The evolutions of physical and chemical structures of the fiber surface before and after treatment were studied by SEM, SPM and XPS. The effects of nickel plating process on the mechanical properties of the fiber were also analyzed. The results show that the HNO3 treatment prior to nickel plating can make the initial groove structure of fiber surface more uniform, which is beneficial to the nickel plating on the fiber surface. Compared with HNO3 treated fibers, the diameters of Ni-plated carbon fibers increases by 5.4% and 26.2%, respectively. After electrochemical plating treatments of 3 min and 6 min, there are nickel particles obviously shown up on the fiber surfaces. The nickel element on the fiber surface mainly exists in the form of Ni(OH)2, NiO and Ni particles. With the increase of nickel layer thickness, the defects of the fiber surface are improved, and the mechanical properties of nickel-plated fibers reveal a certain extent increases compared with those of HNO3 treated samples.
Key words: high modulus carbon fibers; nickel electroplating; diameter; chemical structure
