(1. 南華大學(xué) 鈾礦冶生物技術(shù)國(guó)防重點(diǎn)學(xué)科實(shí)驗(yàn)室，衡陽(yáng) 421001；
2. 中廣核鈾業(yè)發(fā)展有限公司，北京 100029)
摘 要: 鈾礦堆浸過(guò)程中鈾的浸出是溶浸液在多孔介質(zhì)中對(duì)流、彌散以及反應(yīng)耦合作用的結(jié)果。首先采用理論分析和數(shù)學(xué)建模的方法建立了鈾礦堆浸對(duì)流-彌散-反應(yīng)耦合動(dòng)力學(xué)模型，然后采用有限元法對(duì)該動(dòng)力學(xué)模型進(jìn)行解算，最后采用鈾礦柱浸試驗(yàn)對(duì)解算結(jié)果進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。結(jié)果表明：所建立的鈾礦堆浸對(duì)流-彌散-反應(yīng)耦合動(dòng)力學(xué)模型能反映浸出柱中主要特征變量的變化，同時(shí)可以表征浸出柱不同深度處溶浸液和鈾的濃度、各粒級(jí)鈾礦石的浸出率、各粒級(jí)鈾礦石縮核隨時(shí)間的分布，因而能準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)浸出柱鈾礦石的浸出率。因此，該對(duì)流-彌散-反應(yīng)耦合動(dòng)力學(xué)模型可用于鈾礦堆浸鈾浸出率的預(yù)測(cè)及工藝參數(shù)的調(diào)控。
關(guān)鍵字: 鈾礦堆浸；對(duì)流；彌散；反應(yīng)；耦合動(dòng)力學(xué)模型；柱浸
（1. Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;
2. China General Nuclear Power Group (CGN)Uranium Resources Co., Ltd., Beijing 100029, China）
Abstract:The leaching of uranium in the process of uranium ore heap leaching is the result of the coupling of convection, diffusion and chemical reaction of leaching solution in porous media. In this paper, the convection, dispersion and reaction coupling dynamic model for uranium heap leaching was firstly established by theoretical analysis and mathematical modeling, the dynamic model was then solved by finite element method, and the solution results were finally verified by uranium heap leaching test. The results show that the established convection-diffusion-reaction coupling kinetic model for uranium ore heap leaching can reflect the changes of the main characteristic variables in the column leaching, characterize the concentrations of leaching solution and metal uranium at different depths of the leach column, the leaching rate of each fraction of uranium ore particle size, and the distribution of shrinkage nucleation for each fraction of uranium ore particle size at different time, and it can accurately predict the leaching rate of uranium in the ore column. It is concluded that the convection-diffusion-reaction coupling kinetic model for uranium ore heap leaching can be used to predict the leaching rate of uranium and regulate the process parameters for heap leaching.
Key words: uranium ore heap leaching; convection: diffusion; reaction; coupling dynamic model; column leaching
