(1. 西安建筑科技大學(xué)冶金工程學(xué)院，西安 710055；
2. 陜西省黃金與資源重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，西安 710055；
3. 潼關(guān)縣太洲冶煉有限責(zé)任公司，渭南 714300)
摘 要: 采用溴代十六烷基吡啶(CPB)-仲辛醇-磺化煤油體系對(duì)氰化提金廢水進(jìn)行處理，主要研究CPB濃度、改性劑占比、pH值、混相時(shí)間、相比(O/A)對(duì)各金屬離子萃取效果的影響及反應(yīng)機(jī)制。研究表明：在85 g/L CPB-仲辛醇(25%，體積分?jǐn)?shù))-磺化煤油體系，O/A為1:1、pH值為11、混相時(shí)間為5min的條件下，經(jīng)三級(jí)萃取后，氰化廢水中總氰(CNT)去除率可達(dá)到80%以上，銅、鋅、鐵離子萃取率分別為78.5%、79.4%、58.1%；各金屬離子存在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)萃取現(xiàn)象，萃取優(yōu)先順序依次為Zn＞Cu＞Fe。萃取飽和負(fù)載有機(jī)相經(jīng)2.5 mol/L的NH4SCN溶液反萃，O/A為2.5時(shí)，銅、鋅、鐵離子反萃率分別為87.7%、90.3%、85.8%，反萃液中總金屬離子濃度可達(dá)到7822.8 mg/L，實(shí)現(xiàn)了金屬氰絡(luò)合離子的有效富集。萃取過程中金屬以金屬氰絡(luò)合離子的形態(tài)進(jìn)入有機(jī)相，符合離子締合原理。
關(guān)鍵字: 氰化廢水；金屬氰絡(luò)合離子；混相時(shí)間；相比；萃取
（1. School of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055, China;
2. Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Gold and Resources, Xi’an 710055, China;
2. Tongguan County Taizhou Smelting Co., Ltd., Weinan 714300, China）
Abstract:In this paper, cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB)-secondary octanol-sulfonated kerosene system was used to treat cyanide gold extraction wastewater. The effects of CPB concentration, modifier ratio, pH value, mixing time and phase ratio (O/A) on the extraction efficiency of each metal ion and the reaction mechanism were mainly studied. The results show that under the conditions of 85 g/L CPB-secondary octanol(25%, volume fraction)-sulphonated kerosene system, O/A ratio of 1:1, pH value of 11, and mixing time of 5 min, the removal rate of total cyanide (CNT) in cyanide wastewater after tertiary extraction can reach more than 80%, and the extraction rates of Cu, Zn and Fe ions are 78.5%, 79.4% and 58.1%, respectively. There is a competitive extraction phenomenon for each metal ion, and the extraction preferentialorder is Zn＞Cu＞Fe. The saturated organic phase is back-extracted by 2.5 mol/L NH4SCN solution when O/A is 2.5, and the stripping rates of Cu, Zn and Fe ions are 87.7%, 90.3% and 85.8%, respectively. The total metal ion concentration in the back-extraction solution is 7822.8 mg/L, which realizes the effective enrichment of metal cyanide complex ions. In the extraction process, metal enters the organic phase in the form of metal cyanide complex ions, which conforms to the ion association principle.
Key words: cyanide wastewater; metal cyanide complex ion; mixing time; phase ratio; extraction
