(吉林大學(xué)汽車仿真與控制國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，長春 130022)
摘 要: 為提高鋁鎂合金壓鉚接頭的鉚接質(zhì)量，本文提出了考慮材料-結(jié)構(gòu)-工藝參數(shù)的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方法。首先，通過金屬的拉伸和壓縮試驗(yàn)，獲取了鉚釘和鉚接板材料的本構(gòu)模型參數(shù)；其次，建立了壓鉚接頭的有限元仿真模型，并對接頭的干涉量水平和干涉均勻度進(jìn)行了分析和評價(jià)，將仿真與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果對比，驗(yàn)證了仿真的準(zhǔn)確性；最后，選取壓鉚接頭的材料、結(jié)構(gòu)和工藝參數(shù)為設(shè)計(jì)變量，以接頭的關(guān)鍵測點(diǎn)的相對干涉量、整體平均相對干涉量和相對干涉量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差系數(shù)為優(yōu)化目標(biāo)，基于田口穩(wěn)健性實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)和灰色相關(guān)分析方法，結(jié)合熵權(quán)法得到的目標(biāo)響應(yīng)的權(quán)重值對壓鉚接頭進(jìn)行了一體化多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化，得到了各設(shè)計(jì)變量的最佳參數(shù)組合。多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化后，壓鉚接頭的整體平均相對干涉量，從1.67%提高到2.36%，提升了41.3%，且優(yōu)化后的值在航天工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)推薦的范圍內(nèi)，相對干涉量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差系數(shù)，從67.49%降低到41.0%，降低了39.3%，接頭的整體干涉量水平和干涉量均勻度得到了雙重提升。
關(guān)鍵字: 壓鉚接頭；相對干涉量；灰色相關(guān)分析；熵權(quán)法；多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化
（State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China）
Abstract:This paper proposed a multi-objective optimization design method for the riveting quality of magnesium-aluminum alloy punch-forming rivet joint considering material-structure-process parameters. Firstly, the constitutive model parameters of rivet and riveted sheet materials were obtained through the metal tensile and compression tests; secondly, a finite element simulation model of punch-forming rivet joint was established, and the riveting interference level and uniformity of the rivet joint were analyzed and evaluated，the simulation and test results were compared to verify the accuracy of the simulation; finally, the material, structure and process parameters of the rivet joint were selected as the design variables, the relative interference values of key measuring positions，the average and the standard deviation coefficient of the measured relative interference values were determined as the optimization objectives, an integrated multi-objective optimization of the rivet joint was conducted based on Taguchi experiment and grey relational analysis method, combined with the weight values of the target responses obtained by the entropy weighting method, the optimal combination of the design variable levels was obtained. The results show that after multi-objective optimization, the overall average relative interference value of the rivet joint increases from 1.67% to 2.36%, increases by 41.3%, and the optimized overall average relative interference value is within the range recommended by the aerospace industry standard. The standard deviation coefficient of the relative interference values decreases from 67.49% to 41.0%, decreases by 39.3%. The optimization results show that the overall relative interference level and interference uniformity of the rivet joint are effectively improved.
Key words: punch-forming rivet joint; relative interference value; grey relational analysis; entropy weighting method; multi-objective optimization
