(1. 內(nèi)蒙古工業(yè)大學(xué) 礦業(yè)學(xué)院，呼和浩特 010051；
2. 北京科技大學(xué) 金屬礦山高效開采與安全教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100083)
摘 要: 為揭示粉煤灰摻量對泵送膏體充填料漿抗離析性能的影響規(guī)律，通過物化試驗(yàn)分析粉煤灰顆粒形狀、粒徑和組成物質(zhì)。根據(jù)泵送膏體充填料漿中粗骨料顆粒在水平管道、垂直管道和采場內(nèi)的受力狀態(tài)，提出了抗離析性能指數(shù)K。為驗(yàn)證該指數(shù)，開展不同摻量流變、泌水率和分層度試驗(yàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)摻量與K指數(shù)呈正比關(guān)系，K指數(shù)與泌水率和分層度呈反比關(guān)系。結(jié)合泌水機(jī)理、絮網(wǎng)理論、膏體定義和曲線估計(jì)對試驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析。結(jié)果表明：粉煤灰可充當(dāng)細(xì)骨料摻入泵送膏體充填料漿；K指數(shù)可定量表示泵送膏體充填料漿抗離析能力，當(dāng)K≥1時(shí)，料漿不易離析且K值越大抗離析性能越強(qiáng)；當(dāng)K＜1時(shí)，料漿則極易離析；將粉煤灰摻入泵送膏體充填料漿可有效提高抗離析性能,但存在閥值40%；結(jié)合摻量-K指數(shù)(R2=0.978)模型、K指數(shù)-飽和率(R2=0.988)模型、膏體定義和粉煤灰摻量(5%、10.5%和15%)，充填料漿室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)確定粉煤灰合理摻量區(qū)間為10.4%~12%，合理的K指數(shù)區(qū)間為25.79~28.19，且摻量-K指數(shù)計(jì)算模型相對誤差分別為2.5%、0.16%和0.58%，精度較高，可為現(xiàn)場制備高質(zhì)量泵送膏體充填料漿提供理論基礎(chǔ)和指導(dǎo)。
關(guān)鍵字: 地下采礦；泵送膏體充填料漿；粉煤灰摻量；抗離析性能
（1. Institute of Mining Technology, Inner Mongol University of Technology, Huhhot 010051, China;
2. Key Laboratory of High Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mine, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:To reveal the influence of the fly ash content on the anti-segregation performance of the pumped paste filling slurry, the shape, particle size and composition of fly ash particles were analyzed through physicochemical tests. Then, according to the pumping paste filling slurry in coarse aggregate particles in horizontal and vertical pipes, the stress of the public-listed segregation resistance index K was tested. To test the index, the rheological, exudation rate and delamination degree tests were carried out. The results indicate that the fly ash content and K index are positively correlated and the K index and bleeding rate exhibit an inversely proportional relationship. Combined with the mechanism of bleeding, flocculation theory, paste definition and curve estimation, the experimental results show that the fly ash can be used as a fine aggregate to mix into the slurry of the pumping paste filling; the K index quantitatively represents the anti-segregation ability of the pumped paste filling slurry. When K≥1, the slurry does not easily segregate, and the higher the value of K is, the stronger the anti-segregation performance will be. When K＜1, the slurry easily segregates. The addition of fly ash into the pumping paste filling slurry can effectively improve the anti-segregation performance, but there is a threshold value of 40%. A reasonable range for the fly ash content is 10.4%-12%, and a reasonable range for the K index is 25.79-28.19. These ranges are based on the model of the dose-K index (R2=0.978), the model of K-index saturation (R2=0.988), the paste definition and the laboratory test of fly ash contents of 5%, 10.5% and 15% in filling slurry. The relative errors of the dose-K index calculation models are 2.5%, 0.16% and 0.58%, respectively, which demonstrate a high accuracy and provide a theoretical basis and guidance for the field preparation of high-quality pumping paste filling slurry.
Key words: underground mining; pumping paste filling slurry; fly ash content; anti-segregation performance
