(1. 昆明理工大學 真空冶金國家工程實驗室，昆明 650093；
2. 昆明理工大學 冶金與能源工程學院，昆明 650093；
3. 昆明理工大學 復雜有色金屬資源清潔利用國家重點實驗室，昆明 650093)
摘 要: 鉛陽極泥中含大量有害元素As、Sb和Te，為了綠色高效脫除這三種元素，本研究提出“鉛陽極泥真空氧化-氣化揮發(fā)脫砷銻碲”創(chuàng)新工藝。以廢鉛膏碳酸化脫硫產(chǎn)物450 ℃溫度下煅燒9 h所得Pb3O4為氧化劑，對鉛陽極泥進行真空氧化-氣化揮發(fā)脫砷銻碲實驗，考察真空氧化溫度、氧化時間、真空氣化溫度、氣化時間對鉛陽極泥中砷銻碲脫除效果的影響。在鉛陽極泥與氧化劑質量比為 1:1、爐內壓強5~10 Pa、升溫速率為 30 K/min、真空氧化溫度為748 K、氧化時間為90 min、真空氣化溫度為1123 K、氣化時間90 min的實驗條件下，As、Sb和Te的脫除率分別為96.84%、94.21%和99.93%。元素As、Sb和Te以單質和低價氧化物形式進入揮發(fā)物中，貴金屬Ag、Au在該過程中無損失，實現(xiàn)了砷銻碲的高效脫除。
關鍵字: 鉛陽極泥；砷；銻；碲；選擇性氧化；脫除；綠色高效
（1. National Engineering Laboratory of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. Faulty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China）
Abstract:Lead anode slime (LAS) contains amount of harmful elements As, Sb, and Te. In order to remove these three elements green and efficiently, an innovative process of “vacuum oxidation-gasification volatilization arsenic antimony tellurium” was proposed. Lead trioxide (Pb3O4) obtained by calcination of waste lead paste carbonation desulfurization product at 450 ℃ for 9 h was used as oxidant to remove As, Sb, and Te from LAS. The effects of vacuum oxidation temperature, oxidation time, gasification temperature and gasification time on the removal of As, Sb, and Te from LAS were investigated. The results show that the removal rates of As, Sb and Te are 96.84%, 94.21% and 99.93%, respectively, under the following conditions of mass ratio of lead anode slime to oxidant 1:1, system pressure 5-10 Pa, heating rate 30 K/min, vacuum oxidation temperature 748 K, oxidation time 90 min, vacuum gasification temperature 1123 K and gasification holding time 90 min. The elements As, Sb and Te enter the volatiles in the form of elemental and low valent oxides, and the precious metals Ag and Au do not lose in this process, which realizes the efficient removal of As, Sb and Te.
Key words: lead anode slime; As; Sb; Te; selective oxidation; removal; green and efficient process
