(1. 昆明理工大學(xué) 真空冶金國(guó)家工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室，昆明 650093；
2. 昆明理工大學(xué) 冶金與能源工程學(xué)院，昆明 650093；
3. 云南省有色金屬真空冶金重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，昆明 650093；
4. 復(fù)雜有色金屬資源清潔利用國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，昆明 650093)
摘 要: 在系統(tǒng)壓力5~10 Pa、蒸餾溫度1173~1423 K條件下，開展Zn-Ni二元合金真空蒸餾實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。結(jié)果表明：液相中Ni含量(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))由18.21%增至96.05%時(shí)，氣相中的Zn含量由0增至99.9966%，并且通過實(shí)驗(yàn)獲得真空蒸餾中Zn-Ni二元合金的氣-液平衡(Vapor-liquid equilibrium, VLE)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)。采用Wilson方程預(yù)測(cè)了Zn-Ni二元合金組元的活度，且平均絕對(duì)偏差分別為0.0062和0.0112，平均相對(duì)偏差分別為 5.8170%和4.8179%。另外，基于VLE理論，采用Wilson方程計(jì)算了Zn-Ni合金的VLE數(shù)據(jù)，繪制VLE相圖，并與實(shí)驗(yàn)值進(jìn)行了比較。結(jié)果表明：計(jì)算值與實(shí)驗(yàn)值相吻合，表明采用Wilson方程預(yù)測(cè)Zn基合金的VLE數(shù)據(jù)是可靠的。本研究結(jié)果不僅驗(yàn)證了Wilson方程在預(yù)測(cè)VLE數(shù)據(jù)用于指導(dǎo)真空蒸餾分離合金的可行性，同時(shí)也豐富了鋅基合金的熱力學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)，可為有色金屬真空分離實(shí)踐提供可靠的理論依據(jù)和指導(dǎo)。
關(guān)鍵字: Zn-Ni合金；VLE；Wilson方程；真空蒸餾；活度
（1. National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, PR China;
3. Key Laboratory of Vacuum Metallurgy for Non-ferrous Metal of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China;
4. State Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization in Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China）
Abstract:Under the conditions of system pressure of 5-10 Pa and temperature of 1173-1423 K, the vacuum distillation experiments of zinc-nickel (Zn-Ni) binary alloy were carried out. The results show that the Ni content(mass fraction) in the liquid phase increases from 18.21% to 96.05% at 1423 K and the Zn content in the vapor phase increases from 0 to 99.9966%. The experimental data of the vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) of the Zn-Ni binary alloy in vacuum distillation were obtained through experiments. The Wilson equation is used to predict the activity of the components of Zn-Ni binary alloy, the average absolute deviations are 0.0062 and 0.0112, respectively, and the average relative deviations are 5.8170% and 4.8179%, respectively. Based on VLE theory, the VLE data of Zn-Ni alloy were calculated using Wilson equation, and VLE phase diagram was drawn. The comparison between calculated values and experimental VLE data shows that the calculated values are in good agreement with the experimental data, which indicates that the prediction of VLE data of Zn-based alloys by Wilson equation is reliable. The results of this study not only verify the feasibility of the Wilson equation thermodynamic model in predicting the use of VLE data to guide the vacuum distillation separation of alloys, but also enrich the thermodynamic data of zinc-based alloys and provide a reliable theoretical basis and guidance for the practice of vacuum separation of non-ferrous metals.
Key words: Zn-Ni alloy; vapor-liquid equilibrium; Wilson equation; vacuum distillation; activity
