(1. 廣東工業(yè)大學(xué) 環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，廣州 510006；
2. 廣東省科學(xué)院資源綜合利用研究所，廣州 510650；
3. 稀有金屬分離與綜合利用國家重點實驗室，廣州 510650)
摘 要: 目前，廢舊鋰離子電池產(chǎn)生量日益增加，但其混合正負極活性材料分離提純工藝方法存在不足，本文提出了一種環(huán)境友好的物理分離回收方法—— 磁選-浮選法。結(jié)果表明：多種主流鋰離子電池正極活性材料均能被高梯度磁選設(shè)備吸附，而作為負極的石墨材料則不會被吸附。以廢舊磷酸鐵鋰動力電池進行高梯度磁選分離實驗，所得磁性產(chǎn)物中C品位可降低至12%~13%，非磁性產(chǎn)物中C品位可提高至91%~92%。此外，將高梯度磁選與泡沫浮選相結(jié)合，可以進一步提高分離效率，所得LiFePO4產(chǎn)品中C品位可降低至4.8%。試驗結(jié)果對于開發(fā)適用的廢舊磷酸鐵鋰電池回收工藝具有重要參考作用。
關(guān)鍵字: 廢舊鋰離子電池；混合電極活性材料；高梯度磁選；磷酸鐵鋰電池；泡沫浮選
（1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;
2. Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of Resources, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Rare Metal Separation and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangzhou 510650）
Abstract:At present, the amount of waste lithium-ion batteries is increasing day by day, but there are shortcomings in the separation and purification process of mixed positive and negative active materials. Therefore, an environment-friendly physical separation and recovery method, magnetic separation combined with flotation, was proposed in this paper. The results show that a variety of mainstream lithium ion battery cathode active materials can be adsorbed by high gradient magnetic separation equipment, while graphite materials used as anode materials will not be adsorbed. In the experiment of high gradient magnetic separation with waste LiFePO4 power battery, the grade of C in magnetic products can be reduced to 12%-13%, and the grade of C in non-magnetic products can be increased to 91%-92%. In addition, the combination of high gradient magnetic separation and foam flotation can further enhance the separation efficiency, and the C grade of the LiFePO4 products can be reduced to 4.8%. The experimental results have important reference value for the development of suitable recycling process of waste LiFePO4 batteries.
Key words: spent lithium ion battery; mixed electrode active material; high gradient magnetic separation; lithium iron phosphate battery; foam flotation
