(中南大學(xué) 冶金與環(huán)境學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 正鉬酸銨、正鉻酸銨等遇熱易分解的易水溶性金屬銨鹽具有重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值，但由于其繁瑣的制備過(guò)程與苛刻的保存環(huán)境，鮮有相關(guān)的制備研究。本文提出一種由金屬化合物前驅(qū)體((NH4)2Mo4O13或CrO3)與NH4HCO3粉末在密閉體系中反應(yīng)，直接合成這類金屬銨鹽的簡(jiǎn)單方法，即一步合成法。X射線衍射、熱重-差熱分析、紅外光譜、拉曼光譜等的研究結(jié)果表明，采用該方法制備的金屬銨鹽與預(yù)期目標(biāo)產(chǎn)物正鉬酸銨和正鉻酸銨一致。本文提出的一步合成此類金屬銨鹽的新方法具有操作簡(jiǎn)單、經(jīng)濟(jì)高效等潛在優(yōu)勢(shì)。
關(guān)鍵字: 易熱分解易水溶性金屬銨鹽；正鉬酸銨；正鉻酸銨；一步合成；碳酸氫銨
（School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Thermal unstable and readily water-soluble metal ammonium salts, such as ammonium monomolybdate and ammonium monochromate, exhibit many important application values, but few related preparation studies have been reported due to their complicated preparation processes and harsh storage environment. In this work, we proposed a simple approach for preparing these salts by the reaction of corresponding metal compound precursors (ammonium tetramolybdate ((NH4)2Mo4O13) or chromium trioxide (CrO3)) with ammonium bicarbonate powder in an enclosed environment. The results of X-ray diffraction patterns, thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis curves, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectra show that, these metal ammonium salts synthesized by this novel approach are well consistent with the expected target products. The proposed one-step approach for preparing metal ammonium salts has potential advantages such as simple operations, cost-effectiveness and high efficiency, and may develop a new methodology for the syntheses of such substances.
Key words: thermal unstable and readily water-soluble metal ammonium salts; ammonium monomolybdate; ammonium monochromate; one-step approach; ammonium bicarbonate
