(浙江工業(yè)大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，杭州 310014)
摘 要: 表面自納米化因可賦予鈦及鈦合金優(yōu)異的綜合性能而廣受關(guān)注，該工藝可顯著提高材料表面的強(qiáng)度、硬度與耐磨性，同時(shí)還可優(yōu)化材料的耐蝕性、疲勞性能。介紹了幾種表面自納米化工藝，如表面機(jī)械研磨、噴丸強(qiáng)化、激光沖擊、超聲沖擊等，闡明在這些工藝下鈦與鈦合金表面自納米化的顯微組織演變及其變形機(jī)理，如位錯(cuò)、層錯(cuò)、孿晶、第二相等，其滑移與攀移、孿生、形核與長(zhǎng)大等行為及其相互作用規(guī)律。同時(shí)，梳理了表面納米化組織對(duì)材料硬度、強(qiáng)塑性、耐磨性、疲勞性以及耐蝕性等影響規(guī)律，闡述各表面自納米化工藝適用的鈦合金類型及其應(yīng)用背景。本文綜述了鈦與鈦合金表面自納米化工藝以及顯微組織的演變規(guī)律，并對(duì)納米化后鈦與鈦合金的特征力學(xué)性能以及關(guān)鍵變形機(jī)制開(kāi)展了深入的探討。
關(guān)鍵字: 鈦；表面納米化；顯微組織；變形機(jī)制；力學(xué)性能
（College of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China）
Abstract:Self-surface nanocrystallization of titanium and its alloys has attracted more and more attentions because of the enhanced comprehensive properties. Self-surface nanocrystallization can not only significantly optimize the strength, hardness and wear resistance of material surface, but also have a profound impact on corrosion resistance and fatigue property. This paper introduced various self-surface nanocrystallization methods, such as surface mechanical attrition treatment, shot peening, laser shock peening, ultrasonic impact treatment, etc. The microstructure of self-surface nanocrystallization of titanium and its alloys, such as dislocation, stacking fault, twin and secondary phase were expound. Besides, deformation mechanisms, such as dislocation slip and climb, twinning, nucleation and growth and their interaction were systemically studied. At the same time, the relationship among the microstructure of self-surface nanocrystallization and hardness, strength and plasticity, wear resistance, fatigue and corrosion resistance of materials were clarified, illustrating the different application background. In this paper, the self-surface nanocrystallization methods and microstructural evolution of titanium and its alloys were reviewed, and the mechanical properties and key deformation mechanism of nanocrystallized titanium and its alloys were deeply discussed.
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