(1. 昆明理工大學(xué) 冶金與能源工程學(xué)院，昆明 650093；
2. 昆明理工大學(xué) 真空冶金國家工程實驗室，昆明 650093)
摘 要: 隨著新能源的發(fā)展和普及，鋰離子電池已廣泛應(yīng)用于生活中各個領(lǐng)域。廢舊鋰電池中含有大量Ni、Co、Mn、Li等金屬資源，具有很好的回收前景，逐漸受到人們的重視。同時，大量廢舊鋰電池的回收問題對環(huán)境保護(hù)和資源可持續(xù)利用方面提出了新的挑戰(zhàn)，同時也對開發(fā)合適的回收技術(shù)構(gòu)成了巨大壓力。火法冶金回收工藝因其流程短、效率高等優(yōu)勢被廣泛研究；濕法冶金回收工藝則因其對有價金屬的選擇性好、反應(yīng)條件溫和等優(yōu)勢逐漸成為研究熱點。在這篇綜述中，先全面總結(jié)了廢舊鋰離子電池正極材料的火法冶金回收的先進(jìn)技術(shù)，再針對濕法冶金回收工藝中的無機酸和有機酸浸出進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，并展望了未來廢鋰離子電池正極材料資源化處理技術(shù)的研究方向。
關(guān)鍵字: 廢舊鋰離子電池；正極材料；資源化利用；有價金屬回收
（1. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. National Engineering Laboratory of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China）
Abstract:With the development and popularization of new energy sources, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in various fields of life. Spent lithium-ion batteries contain a large amount of metal resources such as Ni, Co, Mn, Li, etc, which have good prospects for recycling and are gradually receiving attention. At the same time, the recycling of a large number of spent lithium-ion batteries poses new challenges to environmental protection and sustainable use of resources, and at the same time puts tremendous pressure on the development of appropriate recycling technologies. The pyrometallurgical recovery process has been widely studied due to its advantages such as short process and high efficiency; the hydrometallurgical recovery process has gradually become a research hotspot due to its good selectivity to valuable metals and mild reaction conditions. In this review, we first comprehensively summarize the advanced technology of pyrometallurgical recovery of cathode materials for spent lithium-ion batteries, then summarize the leaching of inorganic acid and organic acid in the hydrometallurgical recovery process, and look forward to the research direction of resource treatment technology of spent lithium-ion battery cathode materials in the future.
Key words: spent lithium-ion battery; cathode material; resource utilization; valuable metal recovery
