(1. 重慶大學 材料科學與工程學院，重慶 400044；
2. 重慶大學 機械傳動國家重點實驗室，重慶 400044；
3. 清華大學 材料學院，北京 100084；
4. 北京適創(chuàng)科技有限公司，北京 100089)
摘 要: 合金性能主要取決于凝固過程中形成的枝晶、共晶組織和氣孔等缺陷的形貌和分布。凝固過程是一個熱質(zhì)流交互作用的復(fù)雜相變過程，對多物理場作用下凝固組織和氣孔等缺陷進行研究，是掌握和控制凝固過程，獲得優(yōu)良材料性能的關(guān)鍵。本文綜述了合金凝固組織和氣孔演變模擬方法的研究進展，尤其對相場法在求解枝晶、共晶組織和氣孔等缺陷方面的研究，從定性到定量、純物質(zhì)到多元合金、兩相到多相、單物理場到多物理場耦合等角度進行了總結(jié)和展望；對當前相場模擬中的六大高性能算法進行了總結(jié)，提出未來的研究方向?qū)⒓性谙鄨隼碚撏晟啤?shù)確定和計算效率提升等方面。
關(guān)鍵字: 枝晶；共晶；氣孔；相場模擬；多物理場
（1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;
3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
4. Beijing Supreium Co. Ltd., Beijing 100089, China）
Abstract:The properties of alloys are highly dependent on the solidified microstructures and could be deteriorated by defects such as gas porosity. Uncovering the complex thermal-solute-convection interaction during solidification is a prerequisite to control solidification process and to obtain materials with excellent properties. With the development of computational materials science, numerical modeling is becoming an indispensable method to investigate the underlying physics during solidification. This work reviews the recent progress on the numerical simulation of alloy microstructure and gas porosity during solidification, especially on the phase-field modeling in the dendrite, eutectic and porosity evolution. The development process is divided into several aspects including from-qualitative-to-quantitative, from-pure-to-multicomponent, from-binary-to-multiphase and from-single-to-multiphysics stages. Six categories of high performance computing algorithms in phase-field computation are summarized and compared. The future direction can be focused on the development of the sophisticated models, determination of the modeling parameters, and advance of the robust algorithms.
Key words: dendrite; eutectic; gas porosity; phase-field simulation; multiphysics
