(中南大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: SiCp/Al復(fù)合材料綜合了鋁合金與陶瓷顆粒碳化硅的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，具有輕質(zhì)、高強(qiáng)、高模量以及摩擦磨損性能和熱物理性能優(yōu)異等優(yōu)良性能，具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景，是金屬基復(fù)合材料領(lǐng)域研究的重點(diǎn)之一。針對(duì)SiCp/Al復(fù)合材料的特點(diǎn)，綜述攪拌鑄造、擠壓鑄造、粉末冶金、噴射共沉積等制備方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，論述熱擠壓、熱軋制、等徑角擠壓等二次塑性變形對(duì)其組織性能的影響，并圍繞SiCp/Al復(fù)合材料的組織特征，闡述Al基體中引入不同數(shù)量與狀態(tài)的SiC顆粒與其性能之間的關(guān)系，論述其斷裂行為與強(qiáng)韌化機(jī)制。最后，舉例說(shuō)明SiCp/Al復(fù)合材料的廣泛應(yīng)用，并展望其發(fā)展前景。
關(guān)鍵字: SiCp/Al復(fù)合材料；顆粒增強(qiáng)鋁基復(fù)合材料；顯微組織；制備方法；強(qiáng)韌化機(jī)制
（School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Silicon carbide particles reinforced aluminum matrix (SiCp/Al) composites have particularly promising application prospects owing to the lightweight, remarkable strength, modulus, wear resistance and thermal physical properties, becoming the research focus in metal matrix composites area. The strengths and weakness of the preparation processes, such as powder metallurgy, stirring casting, spray deposition, squeeze casting and the secondary deformation including hot extrusion, hot rolling and equal channel angular extrusion were summarized. Focusing on the microstructures of SiCp/Al composites, the properties, fracture behavior, strengthening and toughening mechanism were discussed. Moreover, the wide application and development prospects of the SiCp/Al composites were also briefed at the end.
Key words: SiCp/Al composites; particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite; microstructure; preparation processes; strengthening and toughening mechanism
