(1. 佛山科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院 機電工程與自動化學(xué)院，佛山 528000；
2. 中南大學(xué) 深圳研究院，深圳 518000；
3. 深海礦產(chǎn)資源開發(fā)利用技術(shù)國家重點實驗室，長沙 410012；
4. 湖南大學(xué) 機械與運載工程學(xué)院，長沙 410082；
5. 湖南開放大學(xué) 網(wǎng)絡(luò)與技術(shù)學(xué)院，長沙 410004)
摘 要: 將多金屬結(jié)核從數(shù)千米的海底提升到水面是采礦作業(yè)的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。本文闡述了深海多金屬結(jié)核商業(yè)開采對水下垂直提升系統(tǒng)的要求，總結(jié)了氣力和水力兩種提升方式的工作原理，研究了主要提升參數(shù)對系統(tǒng)的性能影響，從系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)可靠性、經(jīng)濟性、能效指標、產(chǎn)能實現(xiàn)等方面全面分析了兩種提升方式的優(yōu)劣，通過對比認為，水力提升方式更適合深海多金屬結(jié)核商業(yè)開采。在此基礎(chǔ)上，開展了深海多金屬結(jié)核商業(yè)開采水下垂直提升系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計研究，提出了提升系統(tǒng)基本技術(shù)方案。結(jié)合提升泵試驗樣機的清水試驗和礦漿輸送試驗，驗證了深海多金屬結(jié)核商業(yè)開采水下垂直提升系統(tǒng)方案及設(shè)計方法的可行性。該研究為深海采礦技術(shù)和裝備的研發(fā)提供了參考和指導(dǎo)。
關(guān)鍵字: 多金屬結(jié)核；商業(yè)開采；氣力提升；水力提升；提升系統(tǒng)設(shè)計
（1. School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China;
2. Shenzhen Research Institute of Central South University, Shenzhen 518000, China;
3. National Key Laboratory of Deep Sea Mineral Researches Development and Utilization Technology, Changsha 410012, China;
4. School of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
5. College of Network Technology, Hunan Open University, Changsha 410004, China）
Abstract:Elevating polymetallic nodules from thousands of meters of seabed to the supportive vessel is a crucial part of mining operations. Firstly, this paper elaborates on the requirements of the deep-sea polymetallic nodules commercial exploitation for the conveying system. Then, the working principles and performance indicators of the current air and hydraulic lifting methods were summarized. Furthermore, the influence of the leading lifting parameters on the system’s performance was presented, and the two lifting methods were compared within the aspects of system structure reliability, economy, energy efficiency index and capacity realization. Through comparative analysis, it is concluded that hydraulic lifting method is more suitable for commercial mining of deep-sea polymetallic nodules. On this basis, the design and research of underwater vertical lifting system for commercial mining of deep-sea polymetallic nodules are carried out, and the basic technical scheme of underwater vertical lifting system for commercial mining of deep-sea polymetallic nodules is proposed. Finally, the technical feasibility and the applicability of the design theory and method of underwater vertical lifting system for commercial mining of deep-sea polymetallic nodules are analyzed and verified by the water test and slurry transport test of the lifting pump prototype. This study provides reference and guidance for the research and development of deep-sea mining technology and equipment.
Key words: polymetallic nodules; commercial exploitation; air lifting; hydraulic lifting; lifting system design
