(1. 自然資源部第二海洋研究所 海底科學重點實驗室，杭州 310012；
2. 中國大洋礦產(chǎn)資源研究開發(fā)協(xié)會，北京 100012；
3. 長沙礦冶研究院有限責任公司，長沙 410012；
4. 廣州海洋地質(zhì)調(diào)查局，廣州 510075；
5. 中國地質(zhì)大學(北京) 海洋學院，北京100083)
摘 要: 中國大洋礦產(chǎn)資源研究開發(fā)協(xié)會是首批獲得國際海底區(qū)域多金屬結核資源礦區(qū)的承包者之一，近年來又先后推動中國五礦集團有限公司和北京先驅(qū)高技術開發(fā)公司，分別在東太平洋CCZ區(qū)和西北太平洋海山盆地獲得多金屬結核資源礦區(qū)。本文分析了深海多金屬結核成礦機制和礦床類型，回顧了中國大洋協(xié)會、中國五礦和北京先驅(qū)3個承包者結核礦區(qū)多金屬結核資源勘探工作的主要進展，對比研究了東太平洋CCZ區(qū)和西北太平洋海山盆地多金屬結核資源特征。認為我國的多金屬結核資源礦區(qū)可為未來國家經(jīng)濟發(fā)展提供重要的戰(zhàn)略金屬資源保障，建議中國五礦和北京先驅(qū)應盡快完成礦址圈定。同時，3個承包者應合作解決儲量評價的關鍵技術問題，以能夠在國際上率先開展多金屬結核資源的儲量評價工作。
關鍵字: 多金屬結核；國際海底區(qū)域；資源勘探；儲量評價；資源開發(fā)
（1. Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China;
2. China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association, Beijing 100012, China;
3. Changsha Research Institute of Ming and Metallurgy Co., Ltd., Changsha 410012, China;
4. Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510075, China;
5. School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:As one of the first group of contractors for the polymetallic nodules mining areas in the international seabed areas, China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association (COMRA) has conducted mineral exploration and research of polymetallic nodules for nearly 30 years in the abyssal plain of the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCZ), eastern Pacific Ocean. In recent years, COMRA also promoted the application of the mining areas of the China Minmetals Corporation (CMC) and the Beijing Pioneer High-Tech Corporation (BPC) in the CCZ and seamount basins of the northwest Pacific Ocean. Here, the forming process of polymetallic nodules and deposit types was analyzed, and then the mineral exploration and research of the mining areas for the COMRA, CMC and BPC were reviewed. Comparisons of the mineral resource characteristics between the CCZ of the eastern Pacific Ocean and seamount basins of the northwest Pacific Ocean were conducted based on the previous data of the mineral exploration. According to the trending of the exploitation for polymetallic nodules, mining areas of polymetallic nodules would provide strategic reserve of the critical metals with our economic development. The CMC and the BPC would delineate the mining sites in order to have the capacity to apply for the exploitation contract. Meanwhile, the COMRA, CMC and BPC could cooperatively resolve the key questions about the reserve assessment, and firstly conduct reserve assessment of polymetallic nodules in the world.
Key words: polymetallic nodules; international seabed area; mineral resource assessment; reserve assessment exploitation
