(1. 中南大學(xué) 冶金與環(huán)境學(xué)院，長沙 410083；
2. 中南大學(xué) 資源加工與生物工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 通過純礦物浮選試驗(yàn)研究了油酸鈉體系下聚天冬氨酸(PASP)、聚馬來酸(HPMA)和聚環(huán)氧琥珀酸(PESA)對白鎢礦和螢石的選擇性抑制作用。結(jié)果表明：PASP的選擇性抑制作用最強(qiáng)，HPMA的次之，PESA的最差。當(dāng)pH＞9.5時，采用PASP作抑制劑有望實(shí)現(xiàn)白鎢礦和螢石的浮選分離。實(shí)際礦石浮選試驗(yàn)表明，對于WO3含量為0.16%、CaF2含量為11.28%的浮選給礦，在粗選作業(yè)中加入40 g/t PASP作抑制劑，經(jīng)一粗一掃的閉路實(shí)驗(yàn)流程，得到的鎢粗精礦中WO3品位由0.70%提高到1.43%，回收率為87.49%，CaF2回收率從41.17%降至23.27%。動電位測試、紅外光譜分析和X射線光電子能譜分析結(jié)果顯示，PASP可通過其分子結(jié)構(gòu)中的羧基與白鎢礦和螢石表面的Ca2+作用而發(fā)生化學(xué)吸附，同時在螢石表面亦有靜電吸附。此外，PASP的吸附阻礙了油酸鈉在螢石表面的吸附，而對其在白鎢礦表面的吸附影響較小，導(dǎo)致其疏水性和可浮性的差異，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)浮選分離。
關(guān)鍵字: 白鎢礦；螢石；浮選分離；聚羧酸；選擇性抑制
（1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The selective inhibition effects of polyaspartic acid (PASP), polyepoxysuccinic acid (HPMA) and polymaleic acid (PESA) on scheelite and fluorite with sodium oleate (NaOL) were investigated through pure minerals flotation tests. The results show that PASP exhibits the strongest selective depression, followed by HPMA and PESA. The flotation separation of scheelite from fluorite can be achieved in the addition of PASP when pH is higher than 9.5. The real ore flotation tests show that for the feeding containing 0.16% WO3 and 11.28% CaF2, when PASP is used as depressant, the WO3 grade of the obtained rough scheelite concentrate can increase from 0.70% to 1.43% with a recovery of 87.49% through a closed-circuit process of one roughing and one scavenging. And the CaF2 recovery decreases from 41.17% to 23.27%. The zeta potential measurement, infrared spectroscopic analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis results indicate that the chemical adsorption of PASP occurs on scheelite and fluorite surface through the interaction between carboxyl and Ca2+, and the electrostatic adsorption of PASP also occurs on fluorite surface. In addition, the adsorption of NaOL on fluorite surface is decreased by the adsorption of PASP, but the adsorption of NaOL on scheelite surface is little affected, resulting in the difference in hydrophobicity and floatability.
Key words: scheelite; fluorite; flotation separation; polycarboxylic acid; selective depression
