(1. 東北大學 冶金學院，沈陽110004；
2. 中國鋁業(yè)鄭州有色金屬研究院有限公司，鄭州 450041)
摘 要: 氬氣氣氛下，采用質(zhì)量法測定鋁在簡單電解質(zhì)(SE)、高鉀電解質(zhì)(HPE)和高鋰電解質(zhì)(HLE)中的溶解損失量。結(jié)果表明：鋁的溶解損失除了與鋁的溶解反應和Al4C3的生成反應有關(guān)外，還與鋁-炭原電池的形成有關(guān)。在本文的實驗條件下，鋁在簡單電解質(zhì)和高鉀電解質(zhì)中的溶解損失速率在0.18~0.22 mg/(cm2？min)范圍內(nèi)，遠低于鋁在高鋰電解質(zhì)中的溶解損失速率0.35 mg/(cm2？min)。高鋰電解質(zhì)中鋁-炭電池反應造成的鋁溶解損失速率遠高于其他兩種鋁電解質(zhì)。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁電解；質(zhì)量法；復雜鋁電解質(zhì)；鋁溶解損失；鋁-炭原電池
（1. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China;
2. Chalco Zhengzhou Nonferrous Metal Research Institute Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou 450041, China）
Abstract:The dissolution losses of aluminum in simple aluminum electrolyte (SE), high potassium aluminum electrolyte (HPE) and high lithium aluminum electrolyte (HLE) in argon atmosphere were measured by mass loss of aluminum before and after the experiments. The results show that the dissolution loss of aluminum is related not only to the dissolution reaction of aluminum and the formation of Al4C3, but also to the formation of aluminum-carbon Galvanic cells. Under the experimental conditions in this paper, the dissolution loss rates of aluminum in simple aluminum electrolyte and high potassium aluminum electrolyte range from 0.18 mg/(cm2？min) to 0.22 mg/(cm2？min), much lower than that in high lithium aluminum electrolyte, 0.35 mg/(cm2？min). The dissolution loss rate of aluminum caused by aluminum-carbon galvanic cell reaction in high lithium aluminum electrolyte is much higher than that in the other two kinds of aluminum electrolytes.
Key words: aluminum electrolysis; mass loss; complex aluminum electrolytes; aluminum dissolution loss; Al-C Galvanic cell
