(1. 西安航空職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院 航空材料工程學(xué)院，西安 710089；
2. 蘭州理工大學(xué) 省部共建有色金屬先進(jìn)加工與再利用國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，蘭州 730050)
摘 要: 為推動(dòng)鈦/銅異種金屬焊接結(jié)構(gòu)的廣泛應(yīng)用，利用常規(guī)的鎢極氬弧焊進(jìn)行了TA2純鈦和T2紫銅異種金屬對(duì)接焊，通過(guò)掃描電鏡、能譜儀、X射線(xiàn)衍射儀對(duì)所獲得的鈦/銅焊接接頭微觀(guān)組織進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明：鈦/銅異種金屬焊接接頭界面反應(yīng)層生成了厚約50 μm的金屬間化合物，該金屬間化合物層由鈦側(cè)條棒狀金屬間化合物CuTi、中間層塊狀和枝晶狀金屬間化合物Cu2Ti、沿著枝晶狀化合物Cu2Ti邊緣分布的化合物Cu4Ti3組成。合金元素Ti向焊縫金屬中的溶解和擴(kuò)散量極少，鈦/銅焊接接頭界面反應(yīng)層化合物形成以液相擴(kuò)散反應(yīng)為主。拉伸試驗(yàn)表明焊接接頭的抗拉強(qiáng)度達(dá)到了171 MPa，接頭斷裂于鄰近鈦母材側(cè)的金屬間化合物層，斷口屬典型的脆性解理斷裂。
關(guān)鍵字: 電弧焊；鈦/銅焊接；金屬間化合物
（1. School of Aeronautical Materials Engineering, Xi’an Aeronautical Polytechnic Institute, Xi’an 710089, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China）
Abstract:In order to promote the wide application of Ti/Cu dissimilar Metal welding structure, dissimilar metals of TA2 titanium and T2 copper were joined with butt joint by conventional argon tungsten-arc welding. The interfacial microstructures of the joints were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and X-ray diffractometry(XRD). The results show that an intermetallic compound with a thickness of about 50μm forms in the interface reaction layer of Ti/Cu welding joint. The intermetallic compound layer is composed of CuTi, Cu2Ti and Cu4Ti3. The rod-like CuTi is near the titanium side, the massive and dendriticas Cu2Ti distribute in the intermediate region of the interfacial reaction, and Cu4Ti3 distributes along the edge of the dendrite compound Cu2Ti. The dissolution and diffusion of alloying element Ti to weld metal are very few, and the formation of interface reaction layer compound of Ti-Cu welding joint is dominated by liquid phase diffusion reaction. The tensile strength of the welding joint is up to 171 MPa, and the joint fractures in the intermetallic compound layer adjacent to the titanium base material, and the fracture is a typical brittle cleavage fracture.
Key words: arc welding; titanium-copper welding; intermetallic compounds
