(重慶工商大學(xué) 環(huán)境與資源學(xué)院 廢油資源化技術(shù)與裝備教育部工程研究中心，重慶 400067)
摘 要: 非晶態(tài)催化劑作為一類新型催化材料，具有短程有序長程無序的結(jié)構(gòu)特點，在相同質(zhì)量下?lián)碛懈蟮谋缺砻娣e和結(jié)構(gòu)缺陷，使其在催化反應(yīng)中具有更多配位不飽和活性位，同時，它不易發(fā)生偏析和異相，能保持均勻性和各向同性，可以根據(jù)電催化條件自我調(diào)節(jié)并提供反應(yīng)所需體積和有效比表面，從而在電解水陰極析氫反應(yīng)(HER)和陽極析氧反應(yīng)(OER)中具有優(yōu)異的催化活性。基于此，結(jié)合本課題組在電解水方面的研究工作，綜述了近幾年非晶態(tài)電解水催化劑的最新研究進(jìn)展，重點介紹了幾類非晶態(tài)催化劑的可控合成、電催化水分解性能調(diào)控策略、表面電子結(jié)構(gòu)與催化活性和穩(wěn)定性之間的構(gòu)效關(guān)系，并對非晶態(tài)的電解水催化劑活性中心的調(diào)控面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和發(fā)展進(jìn)行了展望。
關(guān)鍵字: 非晶態(tài)催化劑；表/界面；電解水；析氫反應(yīng)；析氧反應(yīng)
（Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China）
Abstract:Amorphous catalyst as a new type of catalytic material has the characteristics of short-range order and long-range disorder. Compared with the crystalline catalyst, the amorphous catalyst has larger specific surface area and structural defects under the same mass, which makes it more active sites for the catalytic reaction. In addition, the excellent flexibility and flexibility of the amorphous catalyst can induce the active sites to form suitable morphology for promoting the reaction rate due to its uniformity and isotropy, which can adjust their catalytic conditions and provide volume and capacity according to the surface electron transfer, promoting the electrocatalytic activities of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water splitting. Herein, the latest progress in several major types of the amorphous catalysts for electrocatalytic water splitting in recent years was reviewed, especially in the controllable synthesis of several kinds of amorphous catalysts, the control strategy on electrocatalytic performance for water decomposition, and the structure-activity relationship between surface electronic structure and catalytic activity and stability. Moreover, the prospects for the challenges and research direction of the adaptation relationship and modulation of the active site of the catalysts were proposed to shed light on further development of electrolysis water.
Key words: amorphous catalyst; surface/interface; water electrolysis; hydrogen evolution reaction; oxygen evolution reaction
