(1. 貴州大學(xué) 材料與冶金學(xué)院，貴陽 550025；
2. 貴州省冶金工程與過程節(jié)能重點實驗室，貴陽 550025)
摘 要: 以CaCl2為熔鹽電解質(zhì)，在900 ℃、3.1 V、電解9 h條件下，對含鈦廢渣進行熔鹽電脫氧，利用泡沫鎳包裹燒結(jié)片作為陰極，石墨棒為陽極，研究碳粉摻雜量對陰極微觀形貌與電解效果的影響，并分析電脫氧歷程。結(jié)果表明：燒結(jié)后陰極片孔隙率隨著碳粉摻雜量的增加而增大，當(dāng)碳粉摻雜量為5%時，陰極片孔隙率為44.33%，具有較好的電化學(xué)活性，電解產(chǎn)物中Ti含量達到94.06%，顆粒尺寸均勻，呈海綿形態(tài)，與未添加碳粉相比，Ti含量增加了4.16%；當(dāng)碳粉摻雜量達到10%時，陰極孔隙率增加至49.56%，顆粒間連接度降低，使得電化學(xué)活性下降，電脫氧效果明顯變差。電解初期電流較高，25 min后迅速下降，并趨于穩(wěn)定；摻雜適量碳粉有利于陰極電脫氧，脫氧歷程為：CaTiO3→Ti2O3→TiO→TixO(x＞1)→Ti。
關(guān)鍵字: 含鈦廢渣；熔鹽電解；金屬鈦；摻雜
（1. College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
2. Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Engineering and Process Energy Saving, Guiyang 550025, China）
Abstract:Titanium was prepared successfully from waste slag containing titanium by using CaCl2 molten salt as electrolyte, sintered sheet wrapped with nickel foam as cathode, and graphite as anode at 900 ℃ with cell voltages of 3.1 V under inert atmosphere. The influence of carbon doping amount on microstructures of reduced pellets, effect of electrolysis was also discussed. In addition, the process of electro-deoxidation were analyzed. The results demonstrate that the porosity of the cathode sheet after sintering increases with the increase of the amount of carbon powder. The porosity of the cathode sheet is 44.33% with 5% dopant, which has good electrochemical activity. The Ti content reached 94.06% which is higher than nodoped sample (the Ti content increased by 4.16%), and the particle size in the form of a sponge is uniform. When the carbon powder doped amount reaches 10%, the cathode porosity increases to 49.56%, and the inter-particle decreases connectivity which reduces electrochemical activity and the effect of electro-deoxidation significantly. The initial current of electrolysis was high, which decreases rapidly after 25 min and becomes stable. Doping with an appropriate amount of carbon powder is beneficial to the cathodic deoxidation. The deoxidation process is: CaTiO3→Ti2O3→TiO→TixO(x＞1)→Ti.
Key words: waste slag containing titanium; molten salt electrolysis; titanium; doped
