(安徽工業(yè)大學(xué) 冶金工程學(xué)院，馬鞍山 243032)
摘 要: 基于實(shí)驗(yàn)室合成的S300樹脂對(duì)汽車失效催化劑浸出液中Pd2+吸附過程進(jìn)行研究，考察溫度、溶液體系中HCl濃度、吸附時(shí)間等因素對(duì)Pd2+在S300樹脂上吸附行為的影響，并對(duì)Pd2+在S300樹脂中的動(dòng)力學(xué)特性、交換等溫線、復(fù)雜體系中的選擇性以及解吸過程進(jìn)行研究，根據(jù)表征結(jié)果分析在鹽酸體系下S300樹脂的吸附機(jī)理。結(jié)果表明：溫度對(duì)Pd2+吸附過程影響較小，溶液體系中的HCl濃度在0~1 mol/L范圍內(nèi)，S300樹脂的平衡吸附量隨HCl濃度升高而顯著增加，平衡吸附時(shí)間約為30 min。S300樹脂吸附過程符合準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型與Langmuir等溫模型，對(duì)汽車失效催化劑浸出液中Pd2+的吸附分配系數(shù)DM=68.66，靜態(tài)解吸過程中，解吸3 min后，Pd2+解吸率達(dá)到98.79%。研究結(jié)果表明，溶液中Pd(II)以[PdCl4]2-形式通過離子-偶極作用與S300樹脂發(fā)生吸附反應(yīng)。
關(guān)鍵字: 鈀；汽車失效催化劑；離子交換樹脂；吸附
（School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Anhui 243000, China）
Abstract:A novel functional ion exchange resin, S300, was synthesized under laboratory conditions. The adsorption process of Pd(Ⅱ) from the leaching solution of spent automobile catalyst was investigated. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to understand the effects of temperature, HCl concentration in the solution, and reaction time on the adsorption behavior of palladium. In addition, the kinetic characteristics, exchange isotherm, and selectivity towards Pd(Ⅱ) in the complex system of the adsorption process were investigated. XPS analysis was applied to study the adsorption mechanism in detail. The results show that temperature has little effect on the adsorption process. The equilibrium capacity of the S300 resin increases significantly as the increase of the concentration of HCl within the range of 0-1 mol/L. The equilibrium adsorption time is about 30 min. The kinetic analysis indicate that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model shows the best agreement with the experimental data. The distribution ratio of Pd(Ⅱ) is 68.66, showing very high selectivity of the S300 resin towards palladium. In the static desorption process, the desorption rate of Pd2+ reaches 98.79% after 3 min desorption. Furthermore, characterization results show that the adsorption of palladium is proceeded following the mechanism of ion-dipole action between [PdCl4]2- and the S300 resin.
Key words: palladium;spent automobile catalyst; ion exchange resin; sorption
