(1. 西安建筑科技大學(xué) 冶金工程學(xué)院，西安 710055；
2. 功能材料加工國(guó)家地方聯(lián)合工程研究中心，西安 710055；
3. 金堆城鉬業(yè)股份有限公司技術(shù)中心，西安 710077)
摘 要: 研究添加元素Ni對(duì)W-Cu復(fù)合材料組織和性能的影響。利用預(yù)混粉、機(jī)械球磨和活化液相燒結(jié)法制備不同Ni含量W-Cu復(fù)合材料，采用電子掃描顯微鏡、X射線衍射儀、激光導(dǎo)熱儀等對(duì)復(fù)合材料的顯微組織、物相、熱導(dǎo)率、熱膨脹系數(shù)和硬度進(jìn)行檢測(cè)與分析。結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)W-Cu復(fù)合材料中不添加Ni元素時(shí)，W顆粒團(tuán)聚形成閉合孔隙，液相Cu無法有效填充孔隙，導(dǎo)致W-Cu組織分布不均勻。隨著Ni含量逐漸增加，鎢顆粒尺寸不斷增大，Cu相將W顆粒包覆；當(dāng)Ni含量增至5%時(shí)，Cu相分布呈網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)，復(fù)合材料組織的均勻分布。在性能方面，隨著Ni元素含量的增加，W-Cu復(fù)合材料的致密度從83.91%提高到95.59%，硬度由229HV提升至304HV，各溫度下熱導(dǎo)率和熱膨脹系數(shù)均有所下降。
關(guān)鍵字: W-Cu復(fù)合材料；活化燒結(jié)；組織結(jié)構(gòu)；物理性能
（1. College of Metallurgy Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China;
2. National and Local Engineering Researching Center for Functional Materials Processing, Xi’an 710055, China;
3 Technical Center, Jinduicheng Molybdenum Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710077, China）
Abstract:The effects of Ni addition on the microstructure and properties of W-Cu composites were researched. W-Cu composites with different contents of Ni element were fabricated by powder mixing, mechanical ball milling and activated liquid phase sintering. The microstructures were observed, and the thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient and hardness of composite materials were measured. The results show that without the addition of Ni element, W particles agglomerate to form closed pores and liquid Cu can not fill the pores, leading to the unbalanced distribution of W-Cu structure. With the increase of Ni element, the W particles grow and were coated with Cu. In particular, when the Ni content increases to 5%, Cu presents a network structure, and the microstructure of the composite is uniform. In addition, with the increase of Ni content, the density and the hardness of the composites increase, and the thermal conductivity and the thermal expansion coefficient decrease.
Key words: W-Cu composites; activated sintering; organizational structure; physical property
