(中南大學(xué) 資源加工與生物工程學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用釩鈦磁鐵礦為氧載體對(duì)生物質(zhì)的氣化轉(zhuǎn)化行為進(jìn)行研究，系統(tǒng)考查轉(zhuǎn)化溫度、氧載體比例等關(guān)鍵因素的影響。借助熱重-差熱分析(TG-DSC)、傅里葉紅外光譜(FTIR)、氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用(GC-MS)、X射線衍射(XRD)等分析測(cè)試手段對(duì)氣化過程產(chǎn)物特性進(jìn)行表征并揭示生物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化機(jī)制。結(jié)果表明：溫度升高有利于生物質(zhì)的氣化轉(zhuǎn)化，所得氣相產(chǎn)率和氣相產(chǎn)物中CO及H2占比皆顯著增大；氣相產(chǎn)物的釋放主要集中在轉(zhuǎn)化過程的前20 min，CH4、C2H4和CO2等成分的析出率先達(dá)到峰值，CO和H2的析出率達(dá)到峰值略有滯后；氧載體的加入可加快生物質(zhì)各基團(tuán)的裂解，促進(jìn)固、液相產(chǎn)物向氣相產(chǎn)物的轉(zhuǎn)化。生物質(zhì)的裂解轉(zhuǎn)化歷程可概括為—OH、—C=O、—C=C→—CH3→—CH→—CO，此過程中釩鈦磁鐵礦逐漸被還原為金屬化產(chǎn)品(金屬化率可達(dá)80%以上)。
關(guān)鍵字: 生物質(zhì)；氣化轉(zhuǎn)化；氧載體；釩鈦磁鐵礦；氣質(zhì)聯(lián)用
（School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The conversion behavior of biomass gasification using vanadium titanomagnetite as oxygen carrier was studied. The key factors of conversion temperature and oxygen carrier ratio were investigated. The process products of gasification were characterized by applying thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DSC), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and other analytical methods to reveal the conversion mechanism of biomass. The results show that increasing temperature is beneficial to gasification conversion, the gas phase yield and the proportions of CO and H2 in gas phase show a remarkable uptrend. The release of gas products mainly concentrates in the first 20 min. The release rate of CH4, C2H4, CO2 reach peak firstly, while the release rate of CO and H2 lag slightly. The oxygen carrier can accelerate the pyrolysis of various groups and promote the conversion of solid and liquid phase products to gas phase products. The pyrolysis and conversion process of biomass can be summarized as follows —OH, —C=O, —C=C→—CH3→—CH→—CO. During this process, vanadium titanomagnetite is gradually reduced to metallized product (metallization ratio＞80%).
Key words: biomass; gasification; oxygen carrier; vanadium titanomagnetite; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
