(1. 中南大學(xué) 冶金與環(huán)境學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083；
2. 東營(yíng)方圓有色金屬有限公司，東營(yíng) 257091；
3. 河南豫光金鉛股份有限公司，濟(jì)源 459001；
4. 河南中原黃金冶煉廠有限責(zé)任公司，三門(mén)峽 472000；
5. School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia)
摘 要: 貴金屬在高溫熔锍中分配行為受熔煉體系和組元熱力學(xué)性質(zhì)影響，高溫熔锍捕集貴金屬有利于降低體系總吉布斯自由能；Au、Ag在渣中損失形式，與Cu損失類(lèi)似，除少量溶解外，大部分為機(jī)械夾雜，占總渣損失的90%以上；引入分配系數(shù)和機(jī)械懸浮率對(duì)貴金屬多相平衡模型進(jìn)行修正，并利用修正模型計(jì)算了富氧熔煉銅锍和爐渣中貴金屬含量，銅锍中Au、Ag的含量分別為13.29 g/t、825.84 g/t，爐渣中Au、Ag的含量分別為0.53 g/t、33.29 g/t，與實(shí)際生產(chǎn)結(jié)果一致；入爐精礦成分(Cu、S)和工藝參數(shù)(銅锍品位、氧礦比)波動(dòng)時(shí)，對(duì)Au、Ag在富氧熔煉過(guò)程中分配行為有影響，隨著精礦中Cu含量的升高和S含量的降低以及銅锍品位和氧礦比的升高，Au、Ag在銅锍中的分配比例降低，渣中損失增加；降低銅锍機(jī)械懸浮率，有利于減少貴金屬在渣中的損失、提高貴金屬的回收率。
關(guān)鍵字: 富氧熔煉；熔锍；貴金屬；捕集機(jī)理；分配行為
（1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Dongying Fangyuan Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd., Dongying 257091, China;
3. Henan Yuguang Gold and Lead Co., Ltd., Jiyuan 459001, China;
4. Henan Zhongyuan Gold Smelter Co., Ltd., Shanmenxia 472000, China;
5. School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia）
Abstract:The distribution behavior of precious metals in high-temperature molten is affected by the thermodynamic properties of smelting systems and components. The capture of precious metals by high-temperature molten matte is beneficial to reduce the total Gibbs free energy of the system. The loss form of precious metals is similar to copper in the slag, mainly based on mechanical suspension which accounting for more than 90% of the total slag loss. The precious metal multiphase equilibrium model was modified with a mechanical suspension rate. The modified model was used to calculate the Au and Ag contents in the copper smelting process of the typical copper smelting process. The Au contents and Ag contents in matte are 13.29 g/t and 825.84 g/t, and Au and Ag contents in slag are 0.53 g/t, 33.29 g/t, respectively, which are in good agreement with the production results. Then, the distribution behavior of Au and Ag in multiphase were calculated under different concentrate components (Cu, S) and process parameters (matte grade, oxygen-ore ratio). With the increase of Cu content in concentrate, matte grade and oxygen-ore ratio, and the decrease of S content in the concentrate, the distribution ratio of Au and Ag in the copper matte decreases, and the loss in the slag increases. Therefore, reducing the mechanical levitation rate of the copper matte is beneficial to reduce the loss of precious metals in the slag and improve the recovery rate of precious metals.
Key words: oxygen enrichment smelting; molten matte; precious metals; trapping mechanism; distribution behavior
