(1. 合肥工業(yè)大學(xué) 工業(yè)與裝備技術(shù)研究院，合肥 230009；
2. 合肥工業(yè)大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，合肥 230009；
3. 合肥工業(yè)大學(xué) 有色金屬與加工技術(shù)國(guó)家地方聯(lián)合工程研究中心，合肥 230009；
4. 太原理工大學(xué) 新材料界面科學(xué)與工程教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，太原 030024)
摘 要: 面對(duì)核聚變裝置中極端惡劣的服役環(huán)境，鎢材料的脆性屬性已經(jīng)成為限制其作為面向等離子體材料應(yīng)用的主要因素。層狀增韌作為一種結(jié)構(gòu)增韌方式，屬于外韌化增韌機(jī)制，被認(rèn)為是改善脆性材料韌性最有效的方法之一。本文介紹鎢作為核聚變裝置用面向等離子體材料時(shí)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)及其局限性，突出層狀增韌的必要性。闡明層狀增韌機(jī)制的緣由和特點(diǎn)，指出其韌化機(jī)制包括弱界面、強(qiáng)界面增韌和塑性中間層增韌。結(jié)合層狀增韌機(jī)制，歸納和總結(jié)當(dāng)前鎢層狀材料的研究現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。
關(guān)鍵字: 核聚變裝置；面向等離子體材料；鎢；外韌化；層狀增韌
（1. Industry and Equipment Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
3. National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Nonferrous Metals and Processing Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
4. Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China）
Abstract:Facing an extremely harsh service environment in the nuclear fusion devices, the intrinsic brittleness of tungsten materials has become the main factor restricting its application as the plasma facing materials. A structural toughening method of layered toughening belonged external toughening mechanism has been considered to be one of the most effective methods to improve the toughness of brittle materials. To protrude the necessity of layered toughening, the challenges and limitations of tungsten materials as plasma facing materials in nuclear fusion devices was introduced in this work. The provenience and characteristics of the layered toughening mechanism were also clarified. The toughening mechanisms of layered toughening include weak interface toughening, strong interface toughening and plastic intermediate layer toughening. Based on the mechanisms of layered toughening, the current research status and development trends of tungsten layered materials were summarized at the end.
Key words: nuclear fusion device; plasma facing materials; tungsten; external toughening; layered toughening
