(蘭州交通大學 材料科學與工程學院，蘭州 730070)
摘 要: 探索用簡單、環(huán)保的方法制備超疏水鋁合金，并賦予鋁合金優(yōu)異的耐腐蝕和防污性能，對拓展鋁合金的應用非常重要。本文在無需對鋁合金表面進行打磨等預處理的情況下，采用簡單、環(huán)保的醇水溶液一步浸泡法將烷基長鏈接枝到粗糙化的鋁合金表面，制備得到超疏水鋁合金，其表面水接觸角達153.6°，滾動角小于5°。運用接觸角測量、掃描電鏡觀察、紅外光譜表征、防污和耐腐蝕實驗依次對超疏水鋁合金表面的潤濕特性、微觀結(jié)構(gòu)、化學形貌及耐腐蝕和防污性能進行分析表征。結(jié)果表明：醇水溶液處理一方面使鋁合金表面獲得了微米-納米二級粗糙化，另一方面接枝烷基長鏈，二者的共同作用賦予了鋁合金表面優(yōu)異的超疏水特性，而且其超疏水性能表現(xiàn)出多樣性、普適性和良好的穩(wěn)定性。正是基于這種超疏水特性，鋁合金獲得了優(yōu)異的耐腐蝕和防污自清潔性能。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁合金；一步浸泡法；超疏水；防污；耐腐蝕
（School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China）
Abstract:It is necessary of preparing superhydrophobic aluminum alloy surfaces by simple and environment-friendly method. Meanwhile, it is also quite important of endowing the aluminum alloys with excellent corrosion resistance and anti-fouling performance so that the application scope of aluminum alloys can be expanded. Herein, without pre-polishing, a facile and environment-friendly method was developed to fabricate the superhydrophobic aluminum alloy surface with a one-step immersion in alcohol-water solution. The water contact angle at the resultant aluminum alloy surface can reach 153.6° while the rolling angle is less than 5°. The surface wettability, microstructure, chemical structure, antifouling and anti-corrosion performance of the obtained superhydrophobic aluminum alloy surface were investigated by means of contact angle measurement, scanning electron microscope, infrared spectrum analysis, antifouling and anti-corrosion experiments, respectively. The results indicate that both micro- and nano-scaled binary structure form on the resultant aluminum alloy surface. Meanwhile, long alkyl chains are grafted chemically onto the rough aluminum alloy surface successfully. Consequently, the aluminum alloy obtains excellent superhydrophobicity. Moreover, the superhydrophobicity has variety, universality, and good stability. Then, just based on the superhydrophobicity, the aluminum alloy wins excellent corrosion resistance and antifouling performance.
Key words: aluminum alloy; one-step immersion; superhydrophobic; antifouling; anti-corrosion
