(1. 南昌航空大學 江西省航空構件成形與連接重點實驗室，南昌 360063；
2. 上海航天設備制造總廠有限公司，上海 200245)
摘 要: 采用電弧增材制造技術，研究不同層間溫度下有無超聲振動對電弧增材制造Cu-8Al-2Ni-2Fe-2Mn合金組織及拉伸性能的影響。結果表明：在電弧增材制造的過程中，控制不同的層間溫度不能抑制外延生長的柱狀枝晶形成，引入超聲振動后，在層間溫度100 ℃下獲得胞狀晶組織。電弧增材制造的Cu-8Al-2Ni-2Fe-2Mn合金主要由枝晶間的κII相(Fe3Al)和κIII相(NiAl)以及在α-Cu基體中析出的κIV相(富鐵)組成。在含有柱狀枝晶的試樣中，拉伸性能均存在各向異性。在引入超聲振動+層間溫度100 ℃的試樣中，各向異性較小并獲得最佳綜合拉伸性能。通過引入超聲振動和控制層間溫度，優(yōu)化組織和拉伸性能，為高性能鋁青銅合金的快速制造提供潛在方案。
關鍵字: 電弧增材制造；超聲振動；鋁青銅合金；層間溫度；成形組織；拉伸性能
（1. Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Forming and Joining Technology for Aerospace Components, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China;
2. Shanghai Aerospace Equipments Manufacturer Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200245, China）
Abstract:The effects of ultrasonic vibration on the microstructure and tensile properties of Cu-8Al-2Ni-2Mn-2Fe alloy produced by WAAM were studied under different interpass temperature. The results show that the control of different interpass temperature during WAAM process cannot inhibit the formation of epitaxial columnar dendrites. After the ultrasonic vibration is assisted, the cellular structure is obtained in the sample under an interpass temperature of 100 ℃. The κII (based on Fe3Al) and κIII (based on NiAl) phases are precipitated in the interdendritic regions whereas κIV (based on rich Fe) is uniformly nucleated in the α-Cu matrix. The tensile properties are anisotropic in the samples containing columnar dendrites. In samples under condition of ultrasonic vibration+interpass temperature of 100 ℃, the anisotropy is eliminated and the best tensile properties are obtained. The results indicate that WAAM fabricated the nickel aluminum bronze alloys can obtain high-performance assisted ultrasonic vibration under the right interpass temperature.
Key words: wire arc additive manufacturing; ultrasonic vibration；aluminum bronze alloy; interpass temperature; microstructure; tensile properties
