(1. 江西理工大學(xué) 綠色冶金與過程強化研究所，贛州 341000；
2. 廣東省資源綜合利用研究所，廣州 510000；
3. 稀有金屬分離與綜合利用國家重點實驗室，廣州 510000；
4. 河南豫光金鉛集團有限責(zé)任公司，濟源 454650)
摘 要: 含銅污泥含有銅、鋅、鎳、錫、鉛等多種有價金屬，為了回收其中的有價金屬，本研究提出了“碳熱還原焙燒-低碳氧化還原精煉”創(chuàng)新工藝。首先通過碳熱還原焙燒將鋅、錫、鉛等有價金屬揮發(fā)入煙氣得以回收，在還原溫度為1473 K，碳含量為20%，反應(yīng)時間為60 min的條件下，鉛、錫和鋅的脫除率分別達到90.77%、95.14%和99.92%。然后通過低碳氧化還原精煉，在氧化溫度為1573 K，加入SiO2量為6%，反應(yīng)時間為180 min條件下，可得到適用于建筑材料的水淬渣，最后在還原溫度為1473 K，碳加入量為8%，反應(yīng)時間為20 min，將銅、鎳富集于陽極銅板中，陽極板中銅含量可達98%以上，符合銅電解的要求。本研究實現(xiàn)有價金屬的全回收，較現(xiàn)有的含銅污泥處理工藝，具有流程短，能耗低，有價金屬回收率高，經(jīng)濟環(huán)保等顯著優(yōu)點。
關(guān)鍵字: 含銅污泥；碳熱還原焙燒；黑銅；低碳氧化還原精煉；水淬渣；陽極銅
（1. Institute of Green Metallurgy and Process Intensification, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China;
2. Guangdong Institute of Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Guangzhou 510000, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Rare Metals Separation and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangzhou 510000, China;
4. Henan Yuguang Gold and Lead Group Co., Ltd., Jiyuan, 454650, China）
Abstract:This paper proposes an innovative “carbothermal reduction roasting-low carbon redox refining” process for recovering valuable metals including copper, zinc, nickel, tin and lead from copper-containing sludge. First, valuable metals are volatilized into the flue gas by carbothermal reduction roasting. At a reduction temperature of 1473 K, a carbon content of 20%, and for a reaction time of 60 min, the ratio of Pb, Sn and Zn removal reached 90.77%, 95.14% and 99.92%, respectively. At an oxidation temperature of 1573 K, a SiO2 content of 6% and a reaction time of 180 min, a water quenching slag suitable for building materials was obtained by low-carbon oxidation reduction refining. Finally, at a reduction temperature of 1473 K, 8% C addition, and a reaction time of 20 min, copper and nickel were enriched on an anode copper plate and the copper content reached more than 98%, meeting the requirements for copper electrolysis. This study realizes the full recovery of valuable metals. Compared with the existing copper-containing sludge treatment process, it has the obvious advantages of short process, low energy consumption, high recovery rate of valuable metals, economy and environmental protection.
Key words: copper-containing sludge; carbothermal reduction roasting; black copper; low carbon redox refining; water quenching slag; anode copper
