(1. 昆明理工大學(xué) 真空冶金國家工程實驗室，昆明 650093；
2. 昆明理工大學(xué) 云南省有色金屬真空冶金重點實驗室 昆明650093；
3. 昆明理工大學(xué) 省部共建復(fù)雜有色金屬資源清潔利用國家重點實驗室，昆明 650093)
摘 要: 本文首先介紹了直流電弧等離子體制備納米鎢粉、納米鉬粉等難熔金屬納米粉的研究進展。該方法制備的難熔金屬納米粉具有純度高、分散性好、粒徑小且粒度分布均勻等特點，但難以連續(xù)制備，規(guī)模化生產(chǎn)難度大。其研究趨勢是優(yōu)化等離子體設(shè)備的設(shè)計，找到最佳的合成工藝。另外，重點敘述了射頻等離子體球化難熔金屬粉的研究現(xiàn)狀。所制備的球形微粉球化率高，流動性、振實密度與松裝密度等性能優(yōu)異，能實現(xiàn)可控地連續(xù)化制備。指出了其研究重點為找到進料速率、載氣速率與高球化率、高性能的產(chǎn)物之間的平衡，以更快的速率制備出高品質(zhì)的產(chǎn)物。最后，對熱等離子體制備與球化超細(xì)難熔金屬粉向著高品質(zhì)、低成本、大規(guī)模可控制備的發(fā)展方向進行了展望。
關(guān)鍵字: 熱等離子體；超細(xì)難熔金屬粉；制備；球化
（1. The National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clear Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China）
Abstract:In this paper, the fabrication of tungsten nanopowders, molybdenum nanopowders, and other refractory metal nanopowders using direct current arc plasma were introduced firstly. The products have high purity, good dispersibility, small particle size and uniform particle size distribution. However, it’s difficult for continuous and large-scale preparation. So, it needs to optimize the design of plasma equipment to find the best synthetic process. In addition, the research status of the radio frequency plasma spheroidized refractory metal powder is described. The product that can be controlled and continuously prepared, has the advantages of high spheroidization rate, flowability, tap density and apparent density. The focus is to find the balance between the feed rate, the carrier gas rate and the high nodularity, high performance and quality products. Finally, the development direction of thermal plasma preparing and spheroidizing ultrafine refractory metal powder with high quality, low cost and large scale controllable preparation is prospected.
Key words: thermal plasma; ultrafine refractory metal powder; preparation; spheroidization
