(1. 西安電子科技大學(xué) 先進(jìn)材料與納米科技學(xué)院，西安710126;
2. 中國(guó)科學(xué)院 西安光學(xué)精密機(jī)械研究所，西安 710119)
摘 要: 鋅-空氣電池具有高的理論能量密度(1086 W？h/kg)、高安全性和低成本等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在電動(dòng)汽車和便攜式電子設(shè)備等應(yīng)用中有望成為儲(chǔ)能設(shè)備的候選，因此受到了廣泛關(guān)注。鋅陽(yáng)極作為鋅-空氣電池的核心部位，目前面臨諸多挑戰(zhàn)：如枝晶生長(zhǎng)、形變、鈍化、析氫腐蝕等，限制了二次鋅-空氣電池的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展和商業(yè)化，如何解決鋅陽(yáng)極存在的這些問(wèn)題成為發(fā)展鋅-空氣電池的研究熱點(diǎn)。當(dāng)前，發(fā)展鋅-空氣電池的關(guān)鍵是開(kāi)發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)具有良好可逆性和長(zhǎng)循環(huán)壽命的鋅陽(yáng)極材料，研究重點(diǎn)主要在于陽(yáng)極添加劑、合金化、包覆及混合電池等。本文主要綜述了最近幾年關(guān)于鋅基電池鋅陽(yáng)極研究的一些突破和最新進(jìn)展，這些信息可應(yīng)用于二次鋅-空氣電池。
關(guān)鍵字: 二次鋅-空氣電池；鋅陽(yáng)極；枝晶生長(zhǎng)；形變；鈍化；析氫腐蝕
（1 School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, China;
2 Xi’an institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of CAS, Xi’an 710119, China）
Abstract:Zinc-air battery has attracted widespread attention due to the high theoretical energy, excellent safety and low cost, which is hopeful to be a candidate for energy storage devices in applications like electric vehicles and portable electronic devices. Zinc anode, as the key part of zinc-air battery, has many disadvantages, such as dendrite growth, shape change, passivation and hydrogen evolution etc, which limits the further development and commercialization of secondary zinc-air battery. Thus, how to solve above problems existing in zinc anode has become an research focus of zinc-air battery. The key to develop zinc-air battery includes the design and preparation of zinc anode materials with outstanding reversibility and long cycle life, which mainly concentrates on the additives, alloying, coating of zinc anode and hybrid battery. In this context, some new findings and the latest progress on the anode of zinc-based battery in recent years are introduced, which can be applied to secondary zinc-air battery.
Key words: secondary zinc-air battery; zinc anode; dendrite growth; shape change; passivation; hydrogen evolution
