(1. 江西理工大學(xué) 資源與環(huán)境工程學(xué)院，贛州 341000；
2. 江西理工大學(xué) 建筑與測(cè)繪工程學(xué)院，贛州 341000；
3. 江西離子型稀土工程技術(shù)研究有限公司采礦研究室，贛州 341000；
4. 國(guó)家離子型稀土資源高效開(kāi)發(fā)利用工程技術(shù)研究中心，贛州 341000)
摘 要: 離子型稀土原地浸礦注液過(guò)程多憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)決策，缺乏理論指導(dǎo)，導(dǎo)致稀土資源回收率低，氨氮污染嚴(yán)重。本文選取我國(guó)南方某生產(chǎn)中的離子型稀土礦山進(jìn)行原地浸礦現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)，測(cè)試浸礦前后山體不同位置(山頂、山腰和注液邊界)稀土品位和尾礦氨氮?dú)埩袅浚沂驹亟V經(jīng)驗(yàn)注液下離子型稀土浸出和氨氮?dú)埩粢?guī)律。結(jié)果表明：1) 離子型稀土原地浸礦經(jīng)驗(yàn)注液下，浸礦山體不同位置稀土浸出情況不同。從稀土浸出率在深度上的變化規(guī)律推斷，浸出效果山頂優(yōu)于山腰優(yōu)于注液邊界。2) 經(jīng)驗(yàn)淋洗下，尾礦不同位置氨氮?dú)埩羟闆r不同。從礦體內(nèi)氨氮?dú)埩袅孔畲笾导捌渌谏疃韧茢啵芟闯潭茸⒁哼吔巛^山腰充分，山腰較山頂充分。3) 受注液孔輻射程度不同、礦體滲透性空間變異性、雜質(zhì)離子、注液量和淋洗量、注液時(shí)間和淋洗時(shí)間等影響，經(jīng)驗(yàn)注液下稀土浸出與氨氮?dú)埩艚猿史蔷鶆蛐浴Ｒ虼耍鶕?jù)浸礦影響因素建立區(qū)塊化均衡注液模型，科學(xué)指導(dǎo)注液具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
關(guān)鍵字: 原地浸礦；離子型稀土；氨氮；注液；淋洗
（1. School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China;
2. School of Architectural and Surveying& Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China;
3. Mining Research Laboratory, Jiangxi Ionic Rare Earth Engineering Research Co., Ltd., Ganzhou 341000, China;
4. National Engineering Research Center for Ionic Rare Earth, Ganzhou 341000, China）
Abstract:In-situ leaching process of ion-rare earth is mostly based on experience and lack of theory guide, which leads to low resources recovery rate and heavy ammonia-nitrogen residue. An in-situ leaching injection experiment was conducted to unravel the law of ion-rare earth leaching and ammonia-nitrogen residue under empirical injection. The results show that: 1) Judging from the fluctuation rate of leaching rate and variation of leaching rate with depth, the leaching effect on the hilltop is better than hillside than injection boundary. 2) Based on the maximum residual ammonia-nitrogen amount and the depth it occurs, elution degree in injection boundary is higher than the hillside than hilltop. 3) Under the influence of different radiation degrees from injection hole, ore-body permeability spatial variation, et al, leaching rate and residual ammonia-nitrogen amount in empirical injection process present unevenly. Thus, sectional equilibrium injection model was established based on leaching influential factor to instruct scientific injection is of importance.
Key words: in-situ leaching; ionic rare earth; ammonia-nitrogen; injection; elution
