(1. 北京科技大學(xué) 金屬礦山高效開(kāi)采與安全教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100083；
2. 北京科技大學(xué) 土木與資源工程學(xué)院，北京 100083；
3. 鞍鋼集團(tuán) 礦山設(shè)計(jì)研究院，鞍山 114002)
摘 要: 針對(duì)鞍鋼礦山較細(xì)全尾砂絮凝沉降存在底流濃度低和沉降速度慢等問(wèn)題，通過(guò)選擇及優(yōu)化絮凝沉降參數(shù)來(lái)提高絮凝沉降效果。首先對(duì)全尾砂和絮凝劑等試驗(yàn)材料進(jìn)行物化分析，并在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行絮凝劑優(yōu)選試驗(yàn)，確定了絮凝劑類型；其次采用Design-Expert軟件中Box-Behnken響應(yīng)面法(RSM-BBD)設(shè)計(jì)并進(jìn)行了13組試驗(yàn)，根據(jù)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果建立響應(yīng)面回歸模型，研究各因素及其交互作用對(duì)全尾砂絮凝沉降的影響，并在此基礎(chǔ)上采用多目標(biāo)規(guī)劃來(lái)優(yōu)化全尾砂漿濃度、絮凝劑單耗、絮凝劑溶液濃度等參數(shù)的配比。結(jié)果表明：全尾砂絮凝沉降不僅受單一因素的影響，而且受多因素交互作用影響；最優(yōu)參數(shù)配比為全尾砂漿濃度19.79%、絮凝劑單耗37 g/t、絮凝劑溶液濃度0.2%。以此參數(shù)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)，得到底流濃度為69.55%、沉降速度為10.39 m/h，均滿足要求。最后對(duì)全尾砂絮凝沉降機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析，為全尾砂絮凝沉降參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)及優(yōu)化控制提供理論支撐。
關(guān)鍵字: 充填采礦法；全尾砂；BBD響應(yīng)面法；絮凝沉降；多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化；絮凝沉降機(jī)理
（1. Key Laboratory of High Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mine, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
3. Design and Research Institute of Angang Mine, Anshan 114002, China）
Abstract:In view of the problems of low bottom flow concentration and slow settling speed in the flocculation settling of finer whole tailings in Angang mine, the flocculation settling effect was improved by selecting and optimizing flocculation settling parameters. Firstly, the physicochemical analysis of test materials, such as total tailings and flocculants, were carried out, and the flocculants were optimized on the basis, of which the flocculants types were determined. Secondly, 13 groups of tests were designed and carried out by Box-Behnken Response Surface Method (RSM-BBD) in Design-Expert software. Based on the test results, the response surface regression model was established, and the various factors and their interaction were studied for flocculation and sedimentation of total tailings. On this basis, the multi-objective programming was used to optimize the proportion of parameters, such as the total tailings mortar concentration(TTMC), the flocculant unit consumption(FUC)and the flocculant solution concentration(FSC). The results show that the flocculation settling of the total tailings is affected not only by single factor, but also by interaction of multiple factors. The optimum parameters are 19.79% of the TTMC, 37 g/t of the FUC and 0.2% of the FSC. The validation test with these parameters show that the underflow concentration(UC) is 69.55% and the settling velocity(SV) is 10.39 m/h, which meet the requirements. Finally, the mechanism of the total tailings flocculation settling is analyzed, which provides theoretical support for the design and optimization control of the whole tailings flocculation settling parameters.
Key words: filling mining method; total tailings; RSM-BBD; flocculation sedimentation; multi-objective optimization; flocculation sedimentation mechanism
