(中南大學(xué) 冶金與環(huán)境學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 對脆硫鉛銻精礦富氧直接熔煉渣型理論進行研究。根據(jù)富氧直接熔煉過程爐渣組成特性，選取FeO-SiO2-CaO-ZnO渣系為研究對象。采用熱力學(xué)軟件Factsage計算并繪制FeO-SiO2-CaO-ZnO渣系相圖，考察CaO與SiO2質(zhì)量比、Fe與SiO2質(zhì)量比、ZnO含量及溫度對該渣系熔化溫度及黏度的作用規(guī)律，并在此理論基礎(chǔ)上進行實驗研究。理論研究表明，熔煉過程爐渣中Fe與SiO2質(zhì)量比和CaO與SiO2質(zhì)量比的增大均會提高爐渣的熔化溫度。隨著體系溫度的升高，爐渣的黏度逐漸減小，1250 ℃時，爐渣的黏度均小于0.5 Pa·s。實驗結(jié)果表明：熔煉過程產(chǎn)出合金品位為95.56%，合金直收率達到58.47%，渣中金屬含量(Pb與Sb)小于1%(質(zhì)量分數(shù))。熔煉產(chǎn)物工藝礦物學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，合金中主要物相為金屬Pb、金屬Sb以及少量Cu2Sb、FeSb2金屬間化合物，爐渣主要由鈣鐵橄欖石、鐵橄欖石組成，原料中鋅主要以氧化鋅形式進入渣相。
關(guān)鍵字: 脆硫鉛銻精礦；富氧直接熔煉；渣型；金屬直收率
（School of Metallurgical and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Basic research of slag type in the oxygen-enriched direct smelting of the jamesonite concentrate was investigated. The FeO-SiO2-CaO-ZnO slag system was selected as the research object according to the composition characteristics of the slag. The phase diagram of FeO-SiO2-CaO-ZnO slag system was calculated and established through the thermodynamic software Factsage. The effects of temperature, Fe to SiO2 mass ratio, CaO to SiO2 mass ratio and ZnO content on the viscosity and fusing temperature of the FeO-SiO2-CaO-ZnOslag system were calculated. The results show that the fusing temperature of slag increases with increasing the Fe to SiO2 mass ratio and CaO to SiO2 mass ratio. The viscosity of the slag can be reduced with the increase of temperature. The viscosity of various slag composition is less than 0.5 Pa·s at 1250 ℃. According to the thermodynamics analysis results, the verification test is carried out, indicating that the metal grade is 95.56%, the metal recovery rate is 58.47%, and metal content (Pb and Sb) in slag is lower than 1% (mass fraction). The technological mineralogy of alloy and slag is studied and it is found that the main phases in the alloy contain metallic lead, metallic antimony and a small amount of Cu2Sb, FeSb2 intermetallic compounds. The slag is mainly composed of kirschsteinite and fayalite, zinc in the raw material is mainly oxidized into slag phase in the form of zinc oxide.
Key words: jamesonite concentrate; oxygen-enriched direct smelting; slag type; metal recovery rate
