(1. 大連理工大學(xué) 工業(yè)裝備結(jié)構(gòu)分析國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，大連 116024；
2. 中國工程物理研究院 應(yīng)用電子學(xué)研究所，綿陽 621900)
摘 要: 碳纖維增強(qiáng)鋁基復(fù)合材料具有諸多優(yōu)良性能，在航空航天以及民用領(lǐng)域有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。在碳纖維表面電鍍鎳涂層，可有效改善碳纖維與鋁基體的潤濕性，并抑制基體對纖維的損傷。鎳涂層的質(zhì)量與改善效果密切相關(guān)。通過預(yù)氧化處理并結(jié)合超聲振蕩輔助電鍍的方法在纖維表面沉積鎳涂層，解決碳纖維在電鍍過程中因纖維束絲難以分散而出現(xiàn)的“黑心”問題。在此基礎(chǔ)上，研究電鍍工藝參數(shù)對涂層質(zhì)量的影響規(guī)律，并對優(yōu)化工藝參數(shù)后制備的鎳涂層與碳纖維的結(jié)合強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行評價(jià)。結(jié)果表明：使用添加劑可提高鎳涂層與碳纖維之間的結(jié)合力，當(dāng)電鍍液pH值調(diào)整到3~4、電流密度大于0.3 A/dm2、電鍍液溫度控制在20~40 ℃時，所制備的鎳涂層均勻致密。
關(guān)鍵字: 碳纖維；鋁基復(fù)合材料；電鍍；鎳涂層；微觀結(jié)構(gòu)
（1. State Key Laboratory of Structural Analyses for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;
2. Institute of Applied electronics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China）
Abstract:Carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite (Cf/Al-based composite) is a typical structure material used for widely applications. To overcome the poor wetting ability and the chemical reaction between Cf and aluminum, it is necessary to electroplate Ni coatings on the surface of Cf. In this study, Cf were pre-oxidized and an electroplating technique assisted with the ultra-sonic vibration were used to deposit Ni coating on the Cf. The results show that such electroplating technique could effectively deposit a homogeneous Ni coating on the Cf without the ‘black core’ phenomenon. Moreover, the influences of electroplating parameters on the microstructure of nickel coatings were investigated systematically. The interfacial bonding strength between Ni coatings and Cf was evaluated by the thermal shock method. The results indicate that the interfacial bonding strength is significantly improved. In addition, the suitable electroplating parameters are identified in terms of the microstructures of Ni coatings.
Key words: carbon fiber; aluminum matrix composite; electroplating technique; nickel coating; microstructure
