(北京科技大學(xué) 冶金與生態(tài)工程學(xué)院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 對含鎘煙灰的物相組成進行了系統(tǒng)分析，并提出針對性的工藝流程。針對硫酸浸出含鎘煙灰的過程，采用響應(yīng)曲面設(shè)計方法對操作條件進行了優(yōu)化，考察了反應(yīng)溫度、液固比、硫酸濃度及其交互作用對Cd、As、Zn浸出率的影響關(guān)系，構(gòu)建了二階數(shù)學(xué)模型和三維響應(yīng)曲面圖，確定了Cd、Zn、As的浸出率分別大于92%、95%和50%的優(yōu)化浸出條件區(qū)域，即反應(yīng)溫度25~60 ℃，液固比6~8 mL/g，硫酸濃度0.3~0.4 mol/L。結(jié)果表明：該模型能夠準確預(yù)測含鎘煙灰在硫酸中的浸出效果；在最優(yōu)區(qū)域內(nèi)，As的浸出率較低，其主要原因是原料中的砷酸鋅在低酸條件未分解。
關(guān)鍵字: 含鎘煙灰；響應(yīng)曲面法；中心復(fù)合設(shè)計；酸性浸出
（School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:A systematic analysis for Cd contained dust was conducted and a flow sheet for metal recovery was proposed. The central composite design was used to optimize the operating conditions of leaching process. Second-order polynomial models of high significance and 3D response surface plots were constructed to show the interaction effects of temperature, L/S ratio and H2SO4 concentration on the leaching efficiency of Cd, As and Zn. Optimum area of leaching efficiency of Cd, Zn and As bigger than 92%, 95% and 50%, respectively, is obtained by the overlaid contours at temperature of 20-60 ℃, L/S ratio of 6-8 mL/g and H2SO4 concentration of 0.3-0.4 mol/L. The models are proved to be reliable and accurate in predicting the leaching process by the verified experiment in the optimal area. Within the optimal area, the leaching efficiency of As is lower and the main reason is attributed to the insolubility of zinc arsenate.
Key words: Cd contained dust; response surface method; central composite design; acidic leaching
