(1. 有研科技集團(tuán)有限公司 有色金屬材料制備加工國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100088；
2. 有研工程技術(shù)研究院有限公司，北京 101407；3. 北京有色金屬研究總院，北京 100088)
摘 要: 為了系統(tǒng)性地研究預(yù)拉伸變形量對(duì)淬火殘余應(yīng)力的消減規(guī)律，采用基于cosα法的μ-X360s型X射線殘余應(yīng)力分析儀，表征7055鋁合金厚板經(jīng)不同預(yù)拉伸變形量(0%、0.5%、1.2%、1.5%、2.5%、3.3%、3.9%)的表面殘余應(yīng)力水平，并通過基于sin2Ψ法的X射線衍射法和鉆孔法驗(yàn)證測(cè)試結(jié)果。結(jié)果表明：7055鋁合金厚板經(jīng)過固溶淬火處理后，殘余應(yīng)力水平較高，軋向分應(yīng)力略小于橫向分應(yīng)力，在厚板邊緣區(qū)域殘余應(yīng)力水平波動(dòng)較大，波動(dòng)區(qū)域大約在距邊部27mm的位置。當(dāng)預(yù)拉伸變形量為1.5%時(shí)，軋向分應(yīng)力的明顯減小，繼續(xù)增大拉伸量，殘余應(yīng)力穩(wěn)定在-60~-70 MPa；而當(dāng)預(yù)拉伸變形量大約為1.5%時(shí)，橫向分應(yīng)力由壓應(yīng)力狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槔瓚?yīng)力狀態(tài)；經(jīng)超過2.5%的預(yù)拉伸變形后，殘余應(yīng)力穩(wěn)定在20~30 MPa。
關(guān)鍵字: 7055鋁合金厚板；淬火；預(yù)拉伸；殘余應(yīng)力；X射線衍射法
（1. State Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals and Processes, GRINM Group Co., LTD.,
Beijing 100088, China;
2. GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., LTD., Beijing 101407, China;
3. General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China）
Abstract:In order to systematically study the reduction rule of quenched residual stress caused by pre-stretched systematically, the surface residual stresses of 7055 aluminum alloy thick plate with different pre-strectched ratios (0%, 0.5%, 1.2%, 1.5%, 2.5%, 3.3%, 3.9%) were characterized by the μ-X360s X-ray residual stress analyzer based on cosα method, and the measured results were verified by X-ray diffractometry based on sin2Ψ method and hole drilling method. The results show that the residual stress of 7055 aluminum alloy thick plate is relatively high than that of the alloy after solution-quenched treatment, the rolling residual stress is slightly less than the transverse residual stress. The residual stress fluctuates greatly at the edge area of thick plate, and the fluctuation area is about 27 mm away from the edge. When the pre-stretched ratio is 1.5%, the rolling residual stress decreases obviously. The residual stress is stable at -60- -70 MPa with increasing the pre-stretched ratio. When the pre-stretched ratio is about 1.5%, the transverse residual stress changes from compressive stress to tensile stress, and when the pre-stretched ratio is more than 2.5%, the residual stress is stable at 20-30 MPa.
Key words: 7055 aluminum alloy thick plate; quench; pre-stretch; residual stress; X-ray diffraction method
