(1. 華南理工大學(xué) 國(guó)家金屬材料近凈成形工程技術(shù)研究中心，廣州 510640；
2. 廣東華藝衛(wèi)浴實(shí)業(yè)有限公司，江門 529321)
摘 要: 通過添加Si和Al代替HPb59-1鉛黃銅的Pb，采用鋅含量法調(diào)控相組成，結(jié)合XRD、SEM和XPS等分析方法研究合金元素及其決定的相組成對(duì)無鉛環(huán)保硅黃銅耐蝕性能的影響。結(jié)果表明：隨著Zn含量增加，合金相組成由α+β、β轉(zhuǎn)變到β+γ，基于脫鋅層厚度可得這三類合金的抗脫鋅能力由大到小依次為β、α+β、β+γ。在α+β和β+γ型黃銅腐蝕過程中，β相作為陽極優(yōu)先被腐蝕，隨后為α相和γ相。添加Si、Al、B和RE等元素后，所有合金的脫鋅層厚度均在200 μm以下，其中Zn含量為46.2%的合金脫鋅層厚度僅為92.4 μm，遠(yuǎn)優(yōu)于HPb59-1鉛黃銅的。無鉛硅黃銅的脫鋅腐蝕表層氧化膜主要由Cu2O、CuO、SiO2和Al2O3組成，Al和Si元素的添加提高了無鉛硅黃銅的耐脫鋅腐蝕能力。
關(guān)鍵字: 無鉛硅黃銅；Zn含量；相組成；耐蝕性能
（1. National Engineering Research Center of Near-net-shape Forming for Metallic Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
2. Guangdong Huayi Plumbing Fittings Industry Co., Ltd., Jiangmen 529321, China）
Abstract:By adding Si and Al instead of Pb in HPb59-1 lead brass, the phase composition of lead-free environment- friendly silicon brass was controlled by zinc equivalent rule. The effects of alloying elements and phase composition on the corrosion resistance of the controlled alloys were analyzed by XRD, SEM and XPS methods. The results show that, with the increase of zinc equivalent, the phase composition of the controlled silicon brasses transforms from α+β and β into β+γ. Based on the thickness of dezincification layer, the anti-dezincification ability decreases successively as following of β, α+β, β+γ. During the corrosion process of α+β and β+γ brasses, the potential negative β phase is preferentially corroded as an anode, and then is α phase or γ phase. After adding Si, Al, B and RE, the thickness of the dezincification layer of all controlled alloys is below 200 μm. Especially, the corresponding thickness value for the alloy with the zinc equivalent of 46.2% is only 92.4 μm, which indicates that the corrosion resistance is improved significantly compared with HPb59-1 lead brass. The surface oxide film of the prepared silicon brass following dezincification corrosion is mainly composed of Cu2O, CuO, SiO2 and Al2O3, and additions of Al and Si elements improve the dezincification resistance of lead-free silicon brass.
Key words: lead-free silicon brass; zinc equivalent; phase composition; corrosion resistance
