(大連理工大學 電氣工程學院，大連 116024)
摘 要: 采用噴射氣流分散結(jié)合高壓電暈靜電分選手段，對二次鋁工業(yè)中主要副產(chǎn)物細粒黑鋁灰中鋁資源進行回收。利用現(xiàn)代圖像處理及掃描電鏡分析方法驗證分散后樣品中鋁與鹽組分的分離狀態(tài)，設(shè)計并采用閉環(huán)測試完成單次電選和連續(xù)電選，通過X射線熒光光譜(XRF)和X射線衍射(XRD)分析分選產(chǎn)物的鋁含量。結(jié)果表明：噴射氣流分散后的樣品顆粒大部分以獨立單體狀態(tài)分布，鋁與鹽類組分實現(xiàn)有效分離；含鋁組分更多存在于樣品的大顆粒部分中且能通過電選得到有效分離，三步電選完成后，分選產(chǎn)物中鋁含量達到飽和，Al2O3質(zhì)量分數(shù)由50.74%提升至64.93%，其中金屬鋁含量由8%提升至31%。
關(guān)鍵字: 靜電分選；氣流分散；鋁回收；黑鋁灰
（School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China）
Abstract:The recovery of aluminum resource from fine black dross, which is a waste by-product in secondary aluminum production, was investigated by high-voltage corona electrostatic separation combined with jet airflow dispersion. The modern image processing and scanning electron microscope were used to analyze the separation status between aluminum and salt components after jet airflow dispersion. A locked cycle test was designed and used to complete single step and continuous electrostatic separation. The aluminum content of separated products was measured by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The dispersion results indicate that, most of sample particles are distributed individually after dispersion. The aluminum is separated effectively from salt components. The separation results indicate that, the larger size fraction of sample contains more aluminum and can be separated by electrostatic separation. When the third separation step is completed, the aluminum content of separated products reaches saturation. Al2O3 mass fraction increases from 50.74% to 64.93%, and the metallic aluminum content increases from 8% to 31%.
Key words: electrostatic separation; airflow dispersion; aluminum recovery; black dross
