(1. 大連理工大學(xué) 化工機(jī)械與安全學(xué)院，大連 116024；
2. North Japan New Energy Research Center，Hirosaki University，Hirosaki 036-8561，Japan；
3. 新疆工程學(xué)院 電氣與信息工程系，烏魯木齊 830023)
摘 要: 陽極積碳會(huì)導(dǎo)致直接氧化甲烷型固體氧化物燃料電池(SOFCs)的性能衰減，為增加甲烷燃料中電池的穩(wěn)定性，采用硬模板法與分次浸漬法制備BaO/Ni0.5Cu0.5Ox包覆柱狀YSZ復(fù)合陽極材料，制作單電池BaO/Ni0.5Cu0.5Ox-YSZ/YSZ/LSM，并進(jìn)行電性能與長期穩(wěn)定性測試。用SEM(掃描電子顯微鏡)與EDS(能譜議)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)后的陽極結(jié)構(gòu)與表面成分進(jìn)行觀察與分析。結(jié)果表明：在800 ℃的甲烷環(huán)境下，單電池的最大功率密度為323 mW/cm2；運(yùn)行100 h后，電壓降只有2.12%。實(shí)驗(yàn)后的陽極SEM像表明，陽極呈立體多孔結(jié)構(gòu)，有利于燃料氣體與反應(yīng)廢氣的擴(kuò)散；催化金屬顆粒均勻包覆著柱狀YSZ，擴(kuò)大了電化學(xué)反應(yīng)區(qū)域。EDS能譜分析表明，有少量積碳形成，陽極孔道未被堵塞，證明了陽極結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定。單電池穩(wěn)定性的增強(qiáng)歸功于立體多孔陽極的制備與堿性氧化物BaO的加入。
關(guān)鍵字: 固體氧化物；燃料電池；甲烷；浸漬；穩(wěn)定性；BaO
（1. School of Chemical Machinery and Safety Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China;
2. North Japan New Energy Research Center, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan;
3. School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Urumchi 830023, China）
Abstract:Carbon formation will cause performance degradation of direct oxidized methane solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). A composite anode material of BaO/Ni0.5Cu0.5Ox coated columnar-shaped YSZ was investigated to enhance the stability of SOFC. The composite materials were prepared by hard template method combined with wet impregnation method. The performance and long-term stability of the unit cell with BaO/Ni0.5Cu0.5Ox-YSZ anode were tested. The structure and surface composition of the anode were observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. The results indicate that a maximum power density of 323 mW/cm2 is obtained at 800 ℃, the cell shows no degradation and there is a voltage drop of 2.12% after operation for 100 h. The SEM observation shows a stereoscopic anode with high porosity which is beneficial for gas diffusion. The columnar-shaped YSZ anode scaffolds are evenly coated by catalytic metal particles, leading to extended active reaction sites. The EDS analysis demonstrates that less carbon forms than that of anode without BaO and channels of anode are not blocked, indicating that the prepared anode has higher coking resistance. The improved stability of the cell is attributed to the 3D porous anode combined with the addition of BaO in anode.
Key words: solid oxide fuel cells; methane; impregnation; stability; BaO
