(1. 南華大學 化學化工學院，衡陽 421001；
2. 南華大學 湖南省鈾尾礦庫退役治理工程技術(shù)研究中心，衡陽 421001；
3. 南華大學 鈾礦冶放射性控制技術(shù)湖南省工程研究中心，衡陽 421001；
4. 南華大學 環(huán)境與安全工程學院，衡陽 421001；
5. 南華大學 公共衛(wèi)生學院，衡陽 421001)
摘 要: 以氯磷酸二苯酯作為取代基，通過取代反應(yīng)對杯[4]芳烴下沿進行修飾，合成出一種新型杯[4]芳烴磷酸酯衍生物，并采用傅立葉紅外光譜對其表征。考察pH值、萃取劑濃度、萃取時間、萃取溫度對杯[4]芳烴磷酸酯衍生物萃取U(Ⅵ)的影響。結(jié)果表明：在鈾的初始濃度為5 mg/ L時，杯[4]芳烴磷酸酯衍生物萃取鈾的最佳條件是pH值為4.0，溫度為25 ℃，萃取劑濃度為0.20 g/L，萃取平衡時間為2 h。杯[4]芳烴磷酸酯衍生物對鈾的萃取過程符合準二級反應(yīng)動力學模型。此外，在有多種共存離子的情況下，杯[4]芳烴磷酸酯衍生物表現(xiàn)出對U(Ⅵ)良好的選擇性萃取能力。
關(guān)鍵字: 杯[4]芳烴；磷酸酯；萃取；鈾
（1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;
2. Hunan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Uranium Tailings Treatment, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;
3. Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Radioactive Control Technology in Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;
4. School of Resource Environmental and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;
5. School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China）
Abstract:Diphenyl chlorophosphate was used as the substituent to react with the calix[4]arene to synthesize a novel calix[4]arene phosphate derivative. The calix[4]arene phosphate derivative was characterized by FT-IR. The effects of pH value, concentration of extractant, extraction time and temperature on the extraction of U(Ⅵ) by calix[4]arene phosphate derivatives were investigated. The results show that the optimum conditions for the extraction of uranium by calix[4]arene phosphate derivative are as follows. The pH value is 4.0, the temperature is 25 ℃, the concentration of extractant is 0.20 g/L and the extraction balance time is 2 h when the initial concentration of uranium is 5 mg/L. The extraction process of uranium by calix[4]arene phosphate derivative conforms to the pseudo-second-order reaction kinetic model. Besides, in the presence of multiple coexisting ions, the calix[4]arene phosphate derivative exhibits good selectivity to uranium(Ⅵ).
Key words: calix[4]arene; phosphate; extraction; uranium
