(1. 中南大學(xué) 粉末冶金國家重點實驗室，長沙 410083；
2. 北京空間飛行器總體設(shè)計部，北京 100094)
摘 要: 壓電纖維復(fù)合物因機電響應(yīng)速度快、驅(qū)動能力強和柔性佳成為智能材料領(lǐng)域的研究熱點之一。壓電纖維復(fù)合物作為驅(qū)動器時，在不同的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域?qū)τ隍?qū)動電壓特性有不同的要求。本文通過自由應(yīng)變和懸臂梁頂端位移研究壓電纖維復(fù)合物在不同電壓幅值、偏置、波形下的驅(qū)動應(yīng)變性能。結(jié)果表明：隨著驅(qū)動電壓幅值增大，壓電纖維復(fù)合物自由應(yīng)變值和驅(qū)動性能隨之增大。壓電纖維復(fù)合物的橫向和縱向自由應(yīng)變分別隨著電壓偏置的增大而降低，相應(yīng)的懸臂梁頂端位移量減小。當(dāng)用方波驅(qū)動時壓電纖維復(fù)合物的縱向自由應(yīng)變值和橫向自由應(yīng)變值分別為2061.4×10-6和574.9×10-6，頂端位移量為1.614 mm，比正弦波和鋸齒波的驅(qū)動值更大，其原因主要是電壓的階躍性導(dǎo)致瞬間施加在壓電纖維上的電場強度較大。
關(guān)鍵字: 壓電纖維復(fù)合物；電壓特性；電壓波形；驅(qū)動性能
（1. State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Beijing Spacecraft System Engineering, Beijing 100094, China）
Abstract:As one of the smart materials, the piezoelectric fiber composites (PFCs) have shown superior performance in aspects of flexibility, high electromechanical response rate and long service life. The requirements of the driving voltage properties were different when the PFCs were used in various areas. In this paper, the strain of PFCs and the tip displacement of the cantilever beam were studied under different driving conditions, including the amplitude, bias and waveform of voltage. The results show that the actuating properties of PFCs, such as strain and the tip displacement of cantilever beam increase when the amplitude of driving voltage amplifies. Both the transverse and longitudinal strain of the PFCs decrease when the bias of voltage amplifies. After being driven by square-wave alternating voltage, the transverse and longitudinal strain of PFCs are 2061.4×10-6 and 574.9×10-6, respectively, which are larger than those driven by sine-wave and sawtooth-wave voltage. It is mainly due to the step characteristic of voltage.
Key words: piezoelectric fiber composites; voltage characteristic; waveform; driving performance
