(1. 華南理工大學(xué) 土木與交通學(xué)院，廣州 510640；
2. 華南理工大學(xué) 安全科學(xué)與工程研究所，廣州 510640；
3. 北京科技大學(xué) 土木與環(huán)境工程學(xué)院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 以金屬礦采空區(qū)頂板為對(duì)象，構(gòu)建以頂板跨度(L)，冒落高度(H)為變量的三鉸拱力學(xué)模型，推導(dǎo)出不同接頂率(m)下頂板最大拱軸力表達(dá)式，結(jié)合巖體臨界軸力判別式，研究充填體不同接頂率下空區(qū)頂板的拱架自穩(wěn)效應(yīng)。以某金屬礦山不同跨度的3個(gè)采空區(qū)為例，通過頂板最大拱軸力計(jì)算，分析不同接頂率對(duì)頂板拱架支撐作用的影響；利用數(shù)值計(jì)算及礦山地壓監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)，對(duì)比校驗(yàn)分析結(jié)果的合理性。結(jié)果表明：隨著充填接頂率的增加，頂板最大軸力隨之降低；當(dāng)充填接頂率達(dá)到80%時(shí)，頂板的軸力值低于臨界值，頂板拱架支撐效果明顯。
關(guān)鍵字: 三鉸拱模型；臨界軸力；拱架自穩(wěn)效應(yīng)；充填接頂率；頂板
（1. School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
2. Institute of Safety Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
3. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:Taking the roof of goaf as the research object, a three-hinged arch mechanical model with variable roof span (L) and falling height (H) was constructed, and expression of maximum arch force under different roof-contacted filling rates(m) was derived. Based on the discriminant for the critical axial force of the roof rock mass, the arching effect of the roof was studied under different roof-contacted filling rates. Taking three goafs with different spans in a mine as examples, the impact on the arching support was analysed by calculating the maximum arching force under different roof-contacted filling rates. The research results were compared and validated by the numerical simulation and mine ground pressure monitoring data. The results show that the maximum axial force of roof decreases with the increase of roof-contacted filling rate. When the roof-contacted filling rate reaches 80%, the maximum axial force of the roof is lower than the critical axial force, and the arching support of roof is obvious.
Key words: three-hinged arch model; critical axial force; arching effect; roof-contacted filling rate; roof
