(南華大學(xué) 污染控制與資源化技術(shù)湖南省高校重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，衡陽(yáng) 421001)
摘 要: 為了考察鈾尾礦土壤中耐鈾微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)，通過(guò)高通量測(cè)序技術(shù)解析細(xì)菌與古菌群落結(jié)構(gòu)，并從中分離純化耐鈾菌屬并進(jìn)行分子生物學(xué)鑒定。通過(guò)高通量測(cè)序，分別獲得42706條細(xì)菌和34346條古菌的有效序列。微生物Alpha多樣性分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，細(xì)菌種類、群落豐富度與多樣性均高于古菌的。通過(guò)細(xì)菌群落結(jié)構(gòu)解析，發(fā)現(xiàn)Carnobacterium、Enterococcus、Comamondadaceae和Cronobacter這4類菌在鈾尾礦土壤中存在，菌屬豐度分別為3.14%、2.58%、0.83%和0.53%。其他優(yōu)勢(shì)耐鈾菌為Bacillus (49.6%)、Lactococcus (31.9%)、Streptococcus (2.87%)、Caulobacter (0.89%)、Pseudomonas (0.72%)和Enterobacter (0.62%)。通過(guò)古菌群落結(jié)構(gòu)解析，揭示了Candidatus Nitrosotalea(74.03%)、Methanosaeta(6.37%)、Methanobacterium(3.25%)、Crenarchaeotic(3.23%)和Terrestrial Miscellaneous(1.25%)這5類古菌在鈾尾礦土壤中存在及其豐度。從鈾尾礦土壤中分離出5種耐鈾菌屬，分子生物學(xué)鑒定發(fā)現(xiàn)A1和B2分別為Klebsiella sp.和Acinetobacter johnsonii菌屬，而C2、D2及E2均屬于Pseudomonas cedrina菌種。
關(guān)鍵字: 鈾尾礦；微生物群落；高通量測(cè)序；古菌
（Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China）
Abstract:In order to investigate the uranium-resistant microbial communities in uranium tailings, high-throughput sequencing technique was used to analyze the community structure of bacteria and archaea. And isolation and identification of uranium-resistant bacteria were carried out. The results show that, after high-throughput sequencing, sequences of 42706 and 34346 are available for bacteria and archaea with high quality, respectively. Microbial alpha diversity analysis reveals that there are much higher microbial diversity, abundance and richness of bacteria than that of archaea. According to microbial community analysis of bacteria, it is the first report of Carnobacterium, Enterococcus, Comamondadaceae and Cronobacter in uranium tailings, which occupy 3.14%, 2.58%, 0.83% and 0.53% of the bacterial abundance, respectively. It also reveals other dominant uranium-resistant bacteria of Bacillus (49.6%), Lactococcus (31.9%), Streptococcus (2.87%), Caulobacter (0.89%), Pseudomonas (0.72%) and Enterobacter (0.62%). Besides that, according to microbial community analysis of archaea, it is the first time to show the dominant archaea genus of Candidatus Nitrosotalea (74.03%), Methanosaeta (6.37%), Methanobacterium (3.25%), Crenarchaeotic (3.23%) and Terrestrial Miscellaneous (1.25%) are available in the uranium tailings with certain abundance. In addition, five uranium-resistant bacterial genera are isolated, and molecular technique identification shows A1 and B2 are similarity with Klebsiella sp. and Acinetobacter johnsonii, respectively. And C2, D2 and E2 belong to the species of Pseudomonas cedrina.
Key words: uranium tailings; microbial community; high-throughput sequencing; archaea
